It is often important to study people's thoughts, feelings, and behaviors over time. To this end, researchers have relied on repeated cross-sectional (RCS) studies, in which different people from the same population participate on different measurement occasions. Also, researchers have relied on panel studies, in which the same group of people participate on different measurement occasions. However, few studies have directly tested whether participants' responses in RCS studies were similar to those found in panel studies. To address this gap, we compared the responses to 33 items, 28 of which were further grouped into four aggregates (Affections, Worries, States, Health concerns), over 8 weeks during the first COVID-19 lockdown in Denmark in a RCS study (overall N = 5,993, per measurement occasion 616 ≤ n ≤ 964) with the responses in a largely equivalent panel study (993 ≤ n ≤ 2,546 across measurement occasions). The study participants were randomly drawn from the same quota-representative participant pool and responded to the same items on the same measurement occasions. Results indicated a few differences between the study samples on the first measurement occasion (i.e., selection effects between studies). Further, we found statistical support for different trajectories in 21 aggregates/items. However, visual inspection of the trajectories suggested subtle differences between the studies at large. The results thus raise awareness that the trajectories of people's thoughts, feelings, and behaviors can differ between survey methods, especially when only a few measurement occasions are considered. Nevertheless, such differences might not be substantial over time. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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比较重复横断面研究和小组研究中的反应：丹麦第一次 COVID-19 封锁期间八周的结果。

随着时间的推移，研究人们的想法、感受和行为通常很重要。为此，研究人员依赖于重复的横断面 (RCS) 研究，其中来自同一人群的不同人在不同的测量场合参与。此外，研究人员依赖于小组研究，其中同一组人参与不同的测量场合。然而，很少有研究直接测试参与者在 RCS 研究中的反应是否与小组研究中发现的反应相似。为了弥补这一差距，我们在一项 RCS 研究中比较了丹麦首次 COVID-19 封锁期间 8 周内对 33 个项目的反应，其中 28 个项目进一步分为四个集合（情感、担忧​​、状态、健康问题）（总 N = 5,993, 每个测量场合 616 ≤ n ≤ 964）与在很大程度上等效的小组研究中的反应（993 ≤ n ≤ 2,546 跨测量场合）。研究参与者是从相同的配额代表参与者池中随机抽取的，并在相同的测量场合对相同的项目做出回应。结果表明在第一次测量时研究样本之间存在一些差异（即研究之间的选择效应）。此外，我们在 21 个聚合/项目中发现了对不同轨迹的统计支持。然而，对轨迹的目视检查表明研究之间存在细微的差异。因此，结果提高了人们的意识，即人们的思想、感受和行为的轨迹可能因调查方法而异，尤其是在仅考虑少数测量场合时。尽管如此，随着时间的推移，这种差异可能不会很大。（PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2021 APA，保留所有权利）。