The study on the effect of material structure and solution properties on the streaming potential of the soil–rock mixture (SRM) will be beneficial for improving the reliability of the measurement results for self-potential monitoring in embankment dams. We design two experimental groups and investigate the changes of potential and pressure during seepage of SRM (slightly clay materials) with different compactness and different concentration. The effects of the compaction degree and solution concentration on the streaming potential coupling coefficient and streaming potential were analyzed. The test results demonstrate that when the clay content in soil matrix is slight, the potential has a linear relationship with the hydraulic head difference, and seepage obeys Darcy’s law. The surface conductivity is negligible at 0.01 M (1 M corresponds to a concentration of 58.4 g L⁻¹) salinity, the compactness of the SRM decreases (the permeability coefficient increases), the apparent streaming potential coupling coefficient and pressure difference decrease is the reason streaming potential decreases. The permeability coefficient of the SRM is not affected by the change in salinity (0.0001–1 M) at 85% compactness, and its seepage characteristics are related to the mineral composition, morphology and the thickness of the bound water layer (electric double layer). This study lays a foundation for further research on the self-potential method to monitor the structure of embankment dams.

中文翻译：

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土石混合体密实度和盐度的流势现象响应试验研究

研究材料结构和溶液性质对土石混合体（SRM）流势的影响，将有利于提高堤坝自电势监测测量结果的可靠性。我们设计了两个实验组，研究了不同密实度和不同浓度的SRM（微粘土材料）在渗流过程中电位和压力的变化。分析了压实度和溶液浓度对流动势耦合系数和流动势的影响。试验结果表明，当土壤基质中粘土含量较小时，势能与水头差呈线性关系，渗流服从达西定律。表面电导率在 0 时可以忽略不计。^-1 ) 盐度，SRM 的致密性降低（渗透系数增加），表观流势耦合系数和压差减小是流势减小的原因。SRM 的渗透系数在 85% 密实度时不受盐度变化（0.0001-1 M）的影响，其渗流特征与矿物成分、形态和结合水层（双电层）的厚度有关. 本研究为进一步研究自电位法监测堤坝结构奠定了基础。