Oxygen metabolism is closely related to the intestinal homeostasis environment, and the occurrence of many intestinal diseases is as a result of the destruction of oxygen gradients. The hypobaric hypoxic environment of the plateau can cause dysfunction of the intestine for humans, such as inflammation. The compensatory response of the small intestine cells to the harsh environment definitely changes their gene expression. How the small intestine cells response the hypobaric hypoxic environment is still unclear. We studied the rat small intestine under hypobaric hypoxic conditions to explore the transcriptional changes in rats under acute/chronic hypobaric hypoxic conditions. We randomly divided rats into three groups: normal control group (S), acute hypobaric hypoxia group, exposing to hypobaric hypoxic condition for 2 weeks (W2S) and chronic hypobaric hypoxia group, exposing to hypobaric hypoxic condition for 4 weeks (W4S). The RNA sequencing was performed on the small intestine tissues of the three groups of rats. The results of principal component analysis showed that the W4S and W2S groups were quite different from the control group. We identified a total of 636 differentially expressed genes, such as ATP binding cassette, Ace2 and Fabp. KEGG pathway analysis identified several metabolic and digestive pathways, such as PPAR signaling pathway, glycerolipid metabolism, fat metabolism, mineral absorption and vitamin metabolism. Cogena analysis found that up-regulation of digestive and metabolic functions began from the second week of high altitude exposure. Our study highlights the critical role of metabolic and digestive pathways of the intestine in response to the hypobaric hypoxic environment, provides new aspects for the molecular effects of hypobaric hypoxic environment on intestine, and raises further questions about between the lipid metabolism disorders and inflammation.

中文翻译：

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低压缺氧下大鼠肠道的转录景观

氧代谢与肠道稳态环境密切相关，许多肠道疾病的发生都是氧梯度破坏的结果。高原的低压缺氧环境会导致人类肠道功能障碍，如炎症。小肠细胞对恶劣环境的补偿反应肯定会改变它们的基因表达。小肠细胞如何响应低压缺氧环境仍不清楚。我们研究了低压缺氧条件下的大鼠小肠，以探讨急性/慢性低压缺氧条件下大鼠的转录变化。我们将大鼠随机分为三组：正常对照组（S）、急性低压缺氧组、低压缺氧2周（W2S）和慢性低压缺氧组，低压缺氧4周（W4S）。对三组大鼠的小肠组织进行RNA测序。主成分分析结果表明，W4S和W2S组与对照组有较大差异。我们共鉴定了 636 个差异表达的基因，例如 ATP 结合盒、Ace2 和 Fabp。KEGG 通路分析确定了几种代谢和消化通路，如 PPAR 信号通路、甘油脂代谢、脂肪代谢、矿物质吸收和维生素代谢。Cogena 分析发现，消化和代谢功能的上调从暴露于高海拔的第二周开始。