ABSTRACT

Biochar and compost are important organic amendment materials for modifying the distribution of pore size in soils. The main idea of this study was to investigate the impact of date palm biochar, compost and their combination on soil water parameters, pore size distribution curves and soil aggregates stability at the rates of 1%, 2%, 3% and 4% (10, 20, 30 and 40 g kg-1). In this study, shape (standard deviation (SD), kurtosis and skewness) and location (dmode, dmedian and dmean) parameters, water stable aggregates (WSAs), mean weight diameter (MWD), geometric mean diameter (GMD) and erodibility factor (Kerodibility) were measured and evaluated. Results showed that the indicators of pore size distribution functions for untreated soil (control) were 31.6, 25.8, 23.5, 3.3, −0.16 and 1.14 for dmode, dmedian, dmean, SD, skewness and kurtosis, respectively. While, WSA>0.25 (macro aggregates), MWD, GMD and Kerodibility were 15.94, 0.19, 0.39 and 0.0895, respectively. Here, dmode, dmedian, dmean, SD, skewness and kurtosis were changed due to application rates of biochar, compost and the mixture of biochar–compost, significantly. The application rate of 4% of the biochar–compost mixture had the highest effects, and dmode, dmedian, dmean, SD, skewness and kurtosis were 18.9, 13.3, 11.3, 4.9, −0.21 and 1.15, respectively. Mixing biochar, compost and biochar–compost mixture reduced equivalent pore diameters, dmode, dmedian, dmean, and increased the indicators of WSA>0.25, MWD, GMD and kerodibility. The factors of WSA, MWD, GMD and kerodibility were enhanced. Thus, the application of biochar, compost and biochar–compost mixture could improve water retention and water use efficiency (WUE) of sandy soils.

摘要

生物炭和堆肥是重要的有机改良材料，用于改变土壤中孔隙大小的分布。本研究的主要思想是调查枣椰树生物炭、堆肥及其组合在 1%、2%、3% 和 4% 的比率下对土壤水分参数、孔径分布曲线和土壤团聚体稳定性的影响 (10 、20、30 和 40 克 kg-1)。在本研究中，形状（标准偏差 (SD)、峰度和偏度）和位置（dmode、dmedian 和 dmean）参数、水稳定聚集体 (WSAs)、平均重量直径 (MWD)、几何平均直径 (GMD) 和可蚀性因子(Kerodibility) 被测量和评估。结果表明，未处理土壤（对照）的孔径分布函数指标dmode、dmedian、dmean、SD、偏度和峰度分别为31.6、25.8、23.5、3.3、-0.16和1.14，分别。而 WSA>0.25（宏观聚集），MWD、GMD 和 Kerodibility 分别为 15.94、0.19、0.39 和 0.0895。在这里，dmode、dmedian、dmean、SD、偏度和峰度因生物炭、堆肥和生物炭-堆肥混合物的施用率而发生显着变化。4%的生物炭-堆肥混合物的施用率最高，dmode、dmedian、dmean、SD、偏度和峰度分别为18.9、13.3、11.3、4.9、-0.21和1.15。混合生物炭、堆肥和生物炭-堆肥混合物降低了等效孔径、dmode、dmedian、dmean，并增加了 WSA>0.25、MWD、GMD 和可腐蚀性的指标。WSA、MWD、GMD和可磨蚀性因素得到增强。因此，生物炭的应用，