The feasibility of a heterogeneous Fenton Process (ZVI/H₂O₂) using commercial low-carbon-steel nails as the Zero-Valent Iron (ZVI) source was evaluated for the first time for the removal of natural organic matter (NOM) from natural surface waters with distinct physico-chemical characteristics. The synergistic effect of ZVI nails and H₂O₂ on the process was confirmed. Results showed similar removal efficiencies of NOM in water samples from Thames river and Regent's Park lake (both in London, UK) (under initial pH 3.5 and 100% excess of H₂O₂ dosage), reaching dissolved organic carbon (DOC) removals of 61.6% ± 3.0 and 59.6% ± 4.7, and UV₂₅₄ removals of 79.9% ± 0.6 and 77.3 ± 6.2, respectively with 60 min of batch reaction time. ZVI nail surface characterization by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and X-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS) revealed the formation of a passivating oxide-hydroxide layer on the nail during the reaction, which reduces its surface activity with 20% in continuous use. Results indicate that ZVI/H₂O₂ process using commercial iron nails is a promising pre-oxidation step for drinking water treatment. The low cost of commercial nails together with the facility of separating them from the water are the main advantages for the application of this process in remote regions with limitations in infrastructure and/or finance.

首次评估了使用商用低碳钢钉作为零价铁 (ZVI) 源的非均相芬顿工艺 (ZVI/H ₂ O ₂ ) 去除天然有机物 (NOM) 的可行性。具有明显物理化学特征的天然地表水。证实了 ZVI 钉和 H ₂ O ₂对工艺的协同作用。结果表明，来自泰晤士河和摄政公园湖（均位于英国伦敦）的水样中 NOM 的去除效率相似（在初始 pH 值 3.5 和 100% 过量的 H ₂ O ₂剂量下），达到溶解有机碳 (DOC) 去除率61.6% ± 3.0 和 59.6% ± 4.7，UV ₂₅₄60 分钟的间歇反应时间，去除率分别为 79.9% ± 0.6 和 77.3 ± 6.2。通过扫描电子显微镜 (SEM)、X 射线能量色散谱 (EDS) 和 X 射线光电子能谱 (XPS) 对 ZVI 指甲表面的表征揭示了在反应过程中在指甲上形成了钝化的氢氧化物层，这连续使用可降低20%的表面活性。结果表明，使用商用铁钉的ZVI/H ₂ O ₂工艺是用于饮用水处理的有前景的预氧化步骤。商业钉子的低成本以及将它们与水分离的设施是该工艺在基础设施和/或资金有限的偏远地区应用的主要优势。