Bell Nonlocality is Not Sufficient for the Security of Standard Device-Independent Quantum Key Distribution Protocols,Physical Review Letters

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Bell Nonlocality is Not Sufficient for the Security of Standard Device-Independent Quantum Key Distribution Protocols
Physical Review Letters ( IF 8.1 ) Pub Date : 2021-07-29 , DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.127.050503
Máté Farkas ₁ , Maria Balanzó-Juandó ₁ , Karol Łukanowski _{2,

3} , Jan Kołodyński ₂ , Antonio Acín _{1,

4}

Affiliation

Device-independent quantum key distribution is a secure quantum cryptographic paradigm that allows two honest users to establish a secret key, while putting minimal trust in their devices. Most of the existing protocols have the following structure: first, a bipartite nonlocal quantum state is distributed between the honest users, who perform local projective measurements to establish nonlocal correlations. Then, they announce the implemented measurements and extract a secure key by postprocessing their measurement outcomes. We show that no protocol of this form allows for establishing a secret key when implemented on any correlation obtained by measuring local projective measurements on certain entangled nonlocal states, namely, on a range of entangled two-qubit Werner states. To prove this result, we introduce a technique for upper bounding the asymptotic key rate of device-independent quantum key distribution protocols, based on a simple eavesdropping attack. Our results imply that either different reconciliation techniques are needed for device-independent quantum key distribution in the large-noise regime, or Bell nonlocality is not sufficient for this task.

中文翻译：

贝尔非局域性不足以保证标准设备无关量子密钥分发协议的安全性

独立于设备的量子密钥分发是一种安全的量子密码范式，它允许两个诚实的用户建立一个秘密密钥，同时对他们的设备的信任度最低。大多数现有协议具有以下结构：首先，在诚实用户之间分配二分非局部量子状态，他们执行局部投影测量以建立非局部相关性。然后，他们宣布实施的测量并通过对测量结果进行后处理来提取安全密钥。我们表明，当在通过测量某些纠缠非局部状态的局部投影测量获得的任何相关性上实现时，没有这种形式的协议允许建立密钥，即在一系列纠缠的双量子位维尔纳状态上。为了证明这个结果，我们引入了一种基于简单窃听攻击的技术，用于设置独立于设备的量子密钥分发协议的渐近密钥速率的上限。我们的结果意味着，在大噪声范围内，独立于设备的量子密钥分配需要不同的协调技术，或者贝尔非局域性不足以完成这项任务。

更新日期：2021-07-29

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