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Life-history responses of a freshwater rotifer to copper pollution
Ecology and Evolution ( IF 2.3 ) Pub Date : 2021-07-29 , DOI: 10.1002/ece3.7877
Federica R Schanz 1 , Stefan Sommer 1 , Andrea Lami 2 , Diego Fontaneto 2 , Arpat Ozgul 1
Affiliation  

In organisms with dormant stages, life-history responses to past pollution can be studied retrospectively. Here, we study such responses in a rotifer (Brachionus calyciflorus) from the once heavily copper-polluted Lake Orta (Italy). We extracted resting eggs from sediments, established clonal lineages from hatchlings, and exposed newborns of these lineages to one of three copper concentrations that each mimicked a specific period in the lake's pollution history. For each rotifer, we daily collected life-table data. We then estimated treatment-specific vital rates and used a stage-structured population model to project population growth rate λ. We also estimated elasticities of λ to vital rates and contributions of vital rates to observed Δλ between copper treatments. As expected, λ decreased with increasing copper concentration. This decrease resulted mostly from a decline in juvenile survival rate (SJ) and partly from a decline in the survival rate of asexually reproducing females (SA). Maturation rate, and with one exception fecundity, also declined but did not contribute consistently to Δλ. λ was most elastic to SJ and SA, indicating that survival rates were under stronger selection than maturation rate and fecundity. Together, our results indicate that variation in juvenile survival is a key component in the rotifers’ copper response. The consistent decrease in SJ with increasing copper stress and the sensitivity of λ to that decrease also suggest that juvenile survival is a useful indicator of population performance under environmental pollution.

中文翻译:


淡水轮虫的生活史对铜污染的反应



在处于休眠阶段的生物体中,可以回顾性地研究生命史对过去污染的反应。在这里,我们研究了曾经受到严重铜污染的奥尔塔湖(意大利)的轮虫(萼花臂尾轮虫)的这种反应。我们从沉积物中提取了静止的卵,从幼体中建立了克隆谱系,并将这些谱系的新生儿暴露于三种铜浓度中的一种,每种浓度都模拟了湖泊污染历史中的特定时期。对于每种轮虫,我们每天收集生命表数据。然后,我们估计了特定治疗的生命率,并使用阶段结构的人口模型来预测人口增长率λ 。我们还估计了λ对生命率的弹性以及生命率对铜处理之间观察到的 Δ λ的贡献。正如预期的那样, λ随着铜浓度的增加而减小。这种下降主要是由于幼体存活率( S J )下降,部分是由于无性繁殖雌性( SA )存活率下降。成熟率和繁殖力也有所下降,但对 Δ λ的贡献并不一致。 λS JS A的弹性最大,表明存活率比成熟率和繁殖力受到更强的选择。总之,我们的结果表明,幼体存活率的变化是轮虫铜反应的关键组成部分。 S J随着铜胁迫的增加而持续下降,以及λ对这种下降的敏感性也表明幼体存活率是环境污染下种群表现的有用指标。
更新日期:2021-08-16
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