The origination of magnetism in Co-doped ZnO-based dilute magnetic semiconductor (DMS) with room temperature ferromagnetism (RTFM) has some controversy. In this paper, Zn_1-xCo_xO nanoparticles (x = 0.00, 0.01, 0.03 and 0.05) were prepared using sol-gel method. The relationship between oxygen vacancy or carrier concentration and magnetic properties were investigated. The hexagonal wurtzite structure of all the samples was confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The morphological features were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM), and the optical properties, including energy gap, were analyzed by ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy (UV–vis). The number of oxygen vacancies (V_O) was measured by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), which is positively correlated with the Co content. The RTFM properties were analyzed by physical properties measurement system (PPMS). The results reveal that a higher carrier concentration is critical to promoting ferromagnetism. And, the magnetism of Co-doped ZnO may originate from V_O defects or the carrier.

具有室温铁磁性 (RTFM) 的 Co 掺杂 ZnO 基稀磁半导体 (DMS) 的磁性起源存在一些争议。在本文中，Zn _1-x Co _x O 纳米粒子（x = 0.00、0.01、0.03 和0.05）是使用溶胶-凝胶法制备的。研究了氧空位或载流子浓度与磁性之间的关系。所有样品的六方纤锌矿结构均通过 X 射线衍射 (XRD) 和傅里叶变换红外光谱 (FTIR) 证实。通过扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和透射电子显微镜（TEM）研究形态特征，并通过紫外 - 可见光谱（UV-vis）分析光学特性，包括能隙。氧空位数（V_O ) 是通过 X 射线光电子能谱 (XPS) 测量的，它与 Co 含量呈正相关。RTFM 性能通过物理性能测量系统 (PPMS) 进行分析。结果表明，较高的载流子浓度对于促进铁磁性至关重要。并且，Co掺杂的ZnO的磁性可能源自V _O缺陷或载流子。