Background

Membrane-bound intracellular organelles have characteristic shapes attributed to different local membrane curvatures, and these attributes are conserved across species. Over the past decade, it has been confirmed that specific proteins control the large curvatures of the membrane, whereas many others due to their specific structural features can sense the curvatures and bind to the specific geometrical cues. Elucidating the interplay between sensing and induction is indispensable to understand the mechanisms behind various biological processes such as vesicular trafficking and budding.

Scope of review

We provide an overview of major classes of membrane proteins and the mechanisms of curvature sensing and induction. We then discuss the importance of membrane elastic characteristics to induce the membrane shapes similar to intracellular organelles. Finally, we survey recently available assays developed for studying the curvature sensing and induction by many proteins.

Major conclusions

Recent theoretical/computational modeling along with experimental studies have uncovered fascinating connections between lipid membrane and protein interactions. However, the phenomena of protein localization and synchronization to generate spatiotemporal dynamics in membrane morphology are yet to be fully understood.

General significance

The understanding of protein-membrane interactions is essential to shed light on various biological processes. This further enables the technological applications of many natural proteins/peptides in therapeutic treatments. The studies of membrane dynamic shapes help to understand the fundamental functions of membranes, while the medicinal roles of various macromolecules (such as proteins, peptides, etc.) are being increasingly investigated.

中文翻译：

---

膜曲率传感和蛋白质诱导的最新进展

背景

膜结合的细胞内细胞器具有归因于不同局部膜曲率的特征形状，并且这些属性在物种之间是保守的。在过去的十年中，已经证实特定蛋白质控制着膜的大曲率，而许多其他蛋白质由于其特定的结构特征可以感知曲率并与特定的几何线索结合。阐明传感和感应之间的相互作用对于理解各种生物过程（如囊泡运输和出芽）背后的机制是必不可少的。

审查范围

我们概述了主要类别的膜蛋白以及曲率传感和诱导的机制。然后我们讨论了膜弹性特性对诱导类似于细胞内细胞器的膜形状的重要性。最后，我们调查了最近为研究许多蛋白质的曲率传感和诱导而开发的检测方法。

主要结论

最近的理论/计算建模以及实验研究揭示了脂质膜和蛋白质相互作用之间的迷人联系。然而，蛋白质定位和同步在膜形态中产生时空动力学的现象尚未完全了解。

一般意义

了解蛋白质-膜相互作用对于阐明各种生物过程至关重要。这进一步使许多天然蛋白质/肽在治疗中的技术应用成为可能。膜动力学形状的研究有助于了解膜的基本功能，同时越来越多地研究各种大分子（如蛋白质、肽等）的药用作用。