ABSTRACT

Novelty and appropriateness have long been considered as the two fundamental elements of creativity; however, whether these two can separately affect creativity or its related processes remains unclear. In the present study, the authors focused on psychotherapeutic insight to identify the different effects of novelty and appropriateness. Three experiments were conducted (total N = 452) using a micro-counseling dialogue (MCD) paradigm, which can induce stable and differential insights by providing different types of solutions to mental distress problems (Experiment 1) and negative descriptions (Experiment 2). Further, in Experiment 3, the authors improved the study by employing a group of high school students with test anxiety (assessed using the Test Anxiety Inventory), which was more ecological. Across the three experiments, higher insightfulness and pleasantness were induced by high novelty (experiments 1 and 2) and appropriateness (experiments 1 to 3). In Experiment 3, the effect of test anxiety was found, wherein the low-test anxiety group generated higher insightfulness compared to the high-test anxiety group, and this effect was stronger in the inappropriateness condition. The results provide evidence that novelty and appropriateness are key factors in inducing psychotherapeutic insightfulness.

摘要

新颖性和适当性长期以来一直被认为是创造力的两个基本要素；然而，这两者是否可以分别影响创造力或其相关过程尚不清楚。在本研究中，作者专注于心理治疗洞察力，以确定新颖性和适当性的不同影响。使用微咨询对话 (MCD) 范式进行了三个实验（总 N = 452），该范式可以通过提供不同类型的精神困扰问题（实验 1）和负面描述（实验 2）的解决方案来诱导稳定和差异化的见解。此外，在实验 3 中，作者通过雇用一组有考试焦虑（使用考试焦虑量表评估）的高中生来改进研究，这更生态。在三个实验中，高度新颖性（实验 1 和 2）和适当性（实验 1 到 3）诱导了更高的洞察力和愉悦度。在实验3中，发现了考试焦虑的影响，其中低考试焦虑组比高考试焦虑组产生了更高的洞察力，这种影响在不适当的条件下更强。结果提供的证据表明，新颖性和适当性是诱导心理治疗洞察力的关键因素。