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Epigenetic rewriting at centromeric DNA repeats leads to increased chromatin accessibility and chromosomal instability
Epigenetics & Chromatin ( IF 4.2 ) Pub Date : 2021-07-28 , DOI: 10.1186/s13072-021-00410-x
Sheldon Decombe 1, 2 , François Loll 1, 3 , Laura Caccianini 4 , Kévin Affannoukoué 5, 6 , Ignacio Izeddin 5 , Julien Mozziconacci 1 , Christophe Escudé 1 , Judith Lopes 1
Affiliation  

Centromeric regions of human chromosomes contain large numbers of tandemly repeated α-satellite sequences. These sequences are covered with constitutive heterochromatin which is enriched in trimethylation of histone H3 on lysine 9 (H3K9me3). Although well studied using artificial chromosomes and global perturbations, the contribution of this epigenetic mark to chromatin structure and genome stability remains poorly known in a more natural context. Using transcriptional activator-like effectors (TALEs) fused to a histone lysine demethylase (KDM4B), we were able to reduce the level of H3K9me3 on the α-satellites repeats of human chromosome 7. We show that the removal of H3K9me3 affects chromatin structure by increasing the accessibility of DNA repeats to the TALE protein. Tethering TALE-demethylase to centromeric repeats impairs the recruitment of HP1α and proteins of Chromosomal Passenger Complex (CPC) on this specific centromere without affecting CENP-A loading. Finally, the epigenetic re-writing by the TALE-KDM4B affects specifically the stability of chromosome 7 upon mitosis, highlighting the importance of H3K9me3 in centromere integrity and chromosome stability, mediated by the recruitment of HP1α and the CPC. Our cellular model allows to demonstrate the direct role of pericentromeric H3K9me3 epigenetic mark on centromere integrity and function in a natural context and opens interesting possibilities for further studies regarding the role of the H3K9me3 mark.

中文翻译:

着丝粒 DNA 重复的表观遗传重写导致染色质可及性增加和染色体不稳定性

人类染色体的着丝粒区域包含大量串联重复的α-卫星序列。这些序列被组成型异染色质覆盖,该异染色质富含组蛋白 H3 在赖氨酸 9 (H3K9me3) 上的三甲基化。尽管使用人工染色体和全局扰动进行了很好的研究,但在更自然的背景下,这种表观遗传标记对染色质结构和基因组稳定性的贡献仍然知之甚少。使用与组蛋白赖氨酸去甲基化酶 (KDM4B) 融合的转录激活因子样效应子 (TALE),我们能够降低人类 7 号染色体的 α-卫星重复序列上 H3K9me3 的水平。我们表明,去除 H3K9me3 会影响染色质结构增加 DNA 重复对 TALE 蛋白的可及性。将 TALE-去甲基化酶与着丝粒重复序列结合会损害 HP1α 和染色体乘客复合体 (CPC) 蛋白在该特定着丝粒上的募集,而不会影响 CENP-A 的加载。最后,TALE-KDM4B 的表观遗传重写特别影响有丝分裂时 7 号染色体的稳定性,突出了 H3K9me3 在着丝粒完整性和染色体稳定性中的重要性,由 HP1α 和 CPC 的募集介导。我们的细胞模型可以证明着丝粒周围 H3K9me3 表观遗传标记在自然环境中对着丝粒完整性和功能的直接作用,并为进一步研究 H3K9me3 标记的作用开辟了有趣的可能性。TALE-KDM4B 的表观遗传重写特别影响有丝分裂时第 7 号染色体的稳定性,突出了 H3K9me3 在着丝粒完整性和染色体稳定性中的重要性,由 HP1α 和 CPC 的募集介导。我们的细胞模型可以证明着丝粒周围 H3K9me3 表观遗传标记在自然环境中对着丝粒完整性和功能的直接作用,并为进一步研究 H3K9me3 标记的作用开辟了有趣的可能性。TALE-KDM4B 的表观遗传重写特别影响有丝分裂时第 7 号染色体的稳定性,突出了 H3K9me3 在着丝粒完整性和染色体稳定性中的重要性,由 HP1α 和 CPC 的募集介导。我们的细胞模型可以证明着丝粒周围 H3K9me3 表观遗传标记在自然环境中对着丝粒完整性和功能的直接作用,并为进一步研究 H3K9me3 标记的作用开辟了有趣的可能性。
更新日期:2021-07-28
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