Empowerment interventions facilitate individuals, organizations, and communities to gain better control over their health. They are distinctly different from traditional behavior change models and encourage participants to set their own health priorities and agenda. Current evidence suggests empowerment interventions are efficacious for smoking, sexual, and mental health outcomes. However, empowerment in childhood obesity (which remains a global public health challenge) is underresearched. This review systematically analyzed the evidence for empowerment approaches in childhood weight management. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines were followed. A search strategy was applied to six databases from inception to May 25, 2021. Evidence was appraised using The Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics Quality Criteria Checklist and National Health and Medical Research Council Levels of Evidence. Of the 9274 articles identified, 29 articles describing 14 programs met the inclusion criteria. Twenty-five studies rated positive and four rated neutral. Overall, the evidence body rated “B.” Seventy-two percent of the 3318 participants were from priority populations, highlighting the unique ability of empowerment interventions to engage those most in need. Results demonstrate small to large improvements in participant body mass index with effect sizes ranging from 0.08 to 1.13. Throughout the literature, empowerment was measured inconsistently and usually with a surrogate marker. All studies were set in America or Canada. This review suggests empowerment should be further investigated in childhood weight management. Empowerment interventions represent a unique opportunity to meaningfully integrate self-determination to clinical childhood weight management practice and overcome current barriers related to priority population engagement.

中文翻译：

---

儿童体重管理中的赋权方法：系统评价

赋权干预有助于个人、组织和社区更好地控制自己的健康。它们与传统的行为改变模型明显不同，并鼓励参与者设定自己的健康优先事项和议程。目前的证据表明，赋权干预对吸烟、性和心理健康结果有效。然而，儿童肥胖（仍然是全球公共卫生挑战）的赋权研究不足。本综述系统地分析了儿童体重管理中赋权方法的证据。遵循系统评价和荟萃分析指南的首选报告项目。从开始到 2021 年 5 月 25 日，对六个数据库应用了搜索策略。证据使用营养与营养学质量标准清单和国家健康与医学研究委员会证据水平进行评估。在确定的 9274 篇文章中，描述 14 个项目的 29 篇文章符合纳入标准。25 项研究评价为阳性，4 项评价为中性。总体而言，证据机构评级为“B”。3318 名参与者中有 72% 来自重点人群，这凸显了赋权干预措施在吸引最需要帮助的人群方面的独特能力。结果表明，参与者的体重指数从小到大都有所改善，效应大小从 0.08 到 1.13 不等。在整个文献中，赋权的测量不一致，通常使用替代标记。所有研究均设在美国或加拿大。该评价表明，应在儿童体重管理中进一步研究赋权。赋权干预代表了一个独特的机会，可以将自决有意义地整合到临床儿童体重管理实践中，并克服当前与优先人群参与相关的障碍。