The present study used a sample of 9,100 youth from The National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health to identify how early socioeconomic adversity and BMI-related genetics combine to influence youth BMI and academic achievement/failure across successive life stages (i.e., adolescence, emerging adulthood, young adulthood), resulting in adverse economic outcomes in young adulthood. The results indicate that early socioeconomic adversity and BMI-related genetics initiate additive, cascading, and cumulative processes through BMI and academic achievement leading to economic hardship after accounting for relevant demographic and contextual variables, including race/ethnicity. Importantly, the BMI-related polygenic score revealed a moderate genetic influence on youth BMI and academic achievement at each life stage. The findings highlight the need to inform longitudinal health and obesity research with molecular genetic information.

本研究使用了来自全国青少年到成人健康纵向研究的 9,100 名青年样本，以确定早期社会经济逆境和 BMI 相关遗传学如何结合影响青年 BMI 和学业成就/失败跨越连续的生命阶段（即，青春期、新兴成年期、青年期），导致青年期的不利经济后果。结果表明，在考虑了相关的人口统计学和背景变量（包括种族/民族）后，早期社会经济逆境和 BMI 相关遗传学通过 BMI 和学术成就启动了累加、级联和累积过程，导致经济困难。重要的是，BMI 相关的多基因评分揭示了在每个生命阶段对青年 BMI 和学业成就的中等遗传影响。