Until recently, national-level data on criminal victimization in the United States did not include information on immigrant or citizenship status of respondents. This data-infrastructure limitation has hindered scientific understanding of whether immigrants are more or less likely than native-born Americans to be criminally victimized and how victimization may vary among immigrants of different statuses. We address these issues in the present study by using new data from the 2017–2018 National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS) to explore the association between citizenship status and victimization risk in a nationally representative sample of households and persons aged 12 years and older. The research is guided by a theoretical framing that integrates insights from studies of citizenship with the literature on immigration and crime, as well as with theories of victimization. We find that a person's foreign-born status (but not their acquired U.S. citizenship) confers protection against victimization. We also find that the protective benefit associated with being foreign born does not extend to those with ambiguous citizenship status, who in our data exhibit attributes similar to the known characteristics of undocumented immigrants. We conclude by discussing the implications of our findings and the potential ways to extend the research.

中文翻译：

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美国的移民身份、公民身份和受害风险：国家犯罪受害调查 (NCVS) 的新发现*

直到最近，美国刑事受害的国家级数据还没有包括受访者的移民或公民身份信息。这种数据基础设施的限制阻碍了对移民是否比土生土长的美国人更容易受到刑事伤害以及受害在不同身份的移民之间的差异的科学理解。我们在本研究中解决了这些问题，方法是使用 2017 年至 2018 年全国犯罪受害调查 (NCVS) 的新数据，在具有全国代表性的 12 岁及以上家庭和个人样本中探索公民身份与受害风险之间的关联。该研究以理论框架为指导，该框架将公民研究的见解与移民和犯罪文献相结合，以及受害理论。我们发现一个人的外国出生身份（但不是他们获得的美国公民身份）可以保护免受伤害。我们还发现，与出生在外国有关的保护性利益并没有延伸到那些公民身份不明确的人，在我们的数据中，他们表现出与无证移民的已知特征相似的属性。最后，我们讨论了我们的发现的含义以及扩展研究的潜在方法。谁在我们的数据中表现出与无证移民的已知特征相似的属性。最后，我们讨论了我们的发现的含义以及扩展研究的潜在方法。谁在我们的数据中表现出与无证移民的已知特征相似的属性。最后，我们讨论了我们的发现的含义以及扩展研究的潜在方法。