Purpose of the Review

The purpose of the review is to analyze the pathogenetic mechanisms that underlie acute pericarditis, with attention to autoimmune and autoinflammatory pericarditis, and, in addition, to review the available therapeutic armamentarium.

Recent Findings

Several studies have been published on the use of anti-IL-1 drugs in recurrent pericarditis, including anakinra and rilonacept. The latest, the RHAPSODY study, based on the use of rilonacept in recurrent pericarditis, has recently reached phase 3 with promising results in terms of efficacy and safety.

Summary

Alterations in the function of the inflammasome and the consequent overproduction of IL-1 play a pivotal role in the genesis of autoinflammatory pericarditis. Recent studies added evidence to the importance of anti-IL-1 drugs in the treatment of recurrent pericarditis with raised C-reactive protein. In the era of tailored medicine, anti-IL-1 agents may be very useful in the subset of patients with recurrent pericarditis and a clear inflammatory phenotype.

中文翻译：

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自身免疫性和自身炎症性心包炎：定义和新疗法

审查的目的

本综述的目的是分析急性心包炎的发病机制，重点关注自身免疫性和自身炎症性心包炎，此外，还回顾了可用的治疗手段。

最近的发现

已经发表了几项关于在复发性心包炎中使用抗 IL-1 药物的研究，包括阿那白滞素和利洛那西普。最新的 RHAPSODY 研究基于 rilonacept 在复发性心包炎中的使用，最近已进入第 3 阶段，在疗效和安全性方面取得了可喜的结果。

总结

炎性体功能的改变和随之而来的 IL-1 的过度产生在自身炎症性心包炎的发生中起关键作用。最近的研究增加了抗 IL-1 药物在治疗 C 反应蛋白升高的复发性心包炎中的重要性的证据。在量身定制的医学时代，抗 IL-1 药物可能对复发性心包炎和明确炎症表型的患者非常有用。