Background

HDAC9 (histone deacetylase 9) belongs to the class IIa family of histone deacetylases. This enzyme can shuttle freely between the nucleus and cytoplasm and promotes tissue-specific transcriptional regulation by interacting with histone and non-histone substrates. HDAC9 plays an essential role in diverse physiological processes including cardiac muscle development, bone formation, adipocyte differentiation and innate immunity. HDAC9 inhibition or activation is therefore a promising avenue for therapeutic intervention in several diseases. HDAC9 overexpression is also common in cancer cells, where HDAC9 alters the expression and activity of numerous relevant proteins involved in carcinogenesis.

Conclusions

This review summarizes the most recent discoveries regarding HDAC9 as a crucial regulator of specific physiological systems and, more importantly, highlights the diverse spectrum of HDAC9-mediated posttranslational modifications and their contributions to cancer pathogenesis. HDAC9 is a potential novel therapeutic target, and the restoration of aberrant expression patterns observed among HDAC9 target genes and their related signaling pathways may provide opportunities to the design of novel anticancer therapeutic strategies.

中文翻译：

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组蛋白脱乙酰酶 (HDAC) 9：多种生物学功能和在人类癌症中的新兴作用

 背景

HDAC9（组蛋白脱乙酰酶 9）属于组蛋白脱乙酰酶 IIa 类家族。这种酶可以在细胞核和细胞质之间自由穿梭，并通过与组蛋白和非组蛋白底物相互作用促进组织特异性转录调节。 HDAC9 在多种生理过程中发挥着重要作用，包括心肌发育、骨形成、脂肪细胞分化和先天免疫。因此，HDAC9 抑制或激活是多种疾病治疗干预的有希望的途径。 HDAC9 过度表达在癌细胞中也很常见，其中 HDAC9 改变了许多参与癌变的相关蛋白的表达和活性。

 结论

这篇综述总结了 HDAC9 作为特定生理系统关键调节因子的最新发现，更重要的是，强调了 HDAC9 介导的翻译后修饰的多样性及其对癌症发病机制的贡献。 HDAC9是一个潜在的新型治疗靶点，恢复HDAC9靶基因及其相关信号通路中观察到的异常表达模式可能为设计新型抗癌治疗策略提供机会。