Promoters are key organizers of the duplication of vertebrate genomes,BioEssays

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Promoters are key organizers of the duplication of vertebrate genomes
BioEssays ( IF 3.2 ) Pub Date : 2021-07-28 , DOI: 10.1002/bies.202100141
Caroline Brossas ₁ , Bénédicte Duriez ₂ , Anne-Laure Valton _{3,

4} , Marie-Noëlle Prioleau ₁

Affiliation

In vertebrates, single cell analyses of replication timing patterns brought to light a very well controlled program suggesting a tight regulation on initiation sites. Mapping of replication origins with different methods has revealed discrete preferential sites, enriched in promoters and potential G-quadruplex motifs, which can aggregate into initiation zones spanning several tens of kilobases (kb). Another characteristic of replication origins is a nucleosome-free region (NFR). A modified yeast strain containing a humanized origin recognition complex (ORC) fires new origins at NFRs revealing their regulatory role. In cooperation with NFRs, the histone variant H2A.Z facilitates ORC loading through di-methylation of lysine 20 of histone H4. Recent studies using genome editing methods show that efficient initiation sites associated with transcriptional activity can synergize over several tens of kb by establishing physical contacts and lead to the formation of early domains of DNA replication demonstrating a co-regulation between replication initiation and transcription.

中文翻译：

启动子是脊椎动物基因组复制的关键组织者

在脊椎动物中，复制时间模式的单细胞分析揭示了一个很好控制的程序，表明对起始位点的严格监管。用不同方法绘制复制起点的图谱揭示了离散的优先位点，富含启动子和潜在的 G-四链体基序，它们可以聚集成跨越几十千碱基 (kb) 的起始区。复制起点的另一个特征是无核小体区 (NFR)。一种含有人源化起源识别复合物 (ORC) 的改良酵母菌株在 NFR 处激发新起源，揭示它们的调节作用。与 NFR 合作，组蛋白变体 H2A.Z 通过组蛋白 H4 的赖氨酸 20 的二甲基化促进 ORC 加载。

更新日期：2021-09-27

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