Obesity is associated with a multitude of negative health sequalae. Behavioral weight loss (BWL) is currently the recommended behavioral treatment for obesity; however, it is not effective for approximately half of the individuals who participate. BWL requires individuals to carry out many tasks requiring executive function (EF; i.e., higher order cognitive functions such as planning and problem solving) in order to be successful. Growing research supports that lower EF may be associated with attenuated weight loss following BWL, and targeting EF in treatment could improve outcomes. This paper aims to describe the rationale for the development of Novel Executive Function Training for Obesity (NEXT), which adapts Compensatory Cognitive Training to be delivered in conjunction with BWL. We summarize evidence relating EF to obesity and reduced weight loss following BWL, as well as the past success of cognitive training on EF. Then we describe the treatment model for NEXT followed by initial data suggesting that NEXT is feasible and acceptable and may impact EF and weight. Obesity treatments incorporating cognitive training, especially those that train compensatory strategies, may improve weight-loss outcomes and provide a more durable treatment than traditional interventions, but larger randomized control trials are necessary.

肥胖与许多负面的健康后遗症有关。行为减肥（BWL）是目前推荐的肥胖行为治疗；但是，它对大约一半的参与者无效。BWL 要求个人执行许多需要执行功能（EF；即更高阶的认知功能，如计划和解决问题）的任务才能取得成功。越来越多的研究支持，较低的 EF 可能与 BWL 后体重减轻的减弱有关，并且在治疗中以 EF 为目标可以改善结果。本文旨在描述开发新型肥胖执行功能训练 (NEXT) 的基本原理，该训练将补偿性认知训练与 BWL 一起提供。我们总结了 EF 与肥胖和 BWL 后体重减轻有关的证据，以及过去对 EF 进行认知训练的成功。然后我们描述了 NEXT 的治疗模型，随后的初始数据表明 NEXT 是可行和可接受的，并且可能会影响 EF 和体重。结合认知训练的肥胖治疗，尤其是那些训练补偿策略的肥胖治疗，可能会改善减肥效果，并提供比传统干预更持久的治疗，但需要进行更大规模的随机对照试验。