Effects on the embryonic and larval development of cane toads (Rhinella marina) reared in alkaline artesian spring water,Austral Ecology

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Effects on the embryonic and larval development of cane toads (Rhinella marina) reared in alkaline artesian spring water
Austral Ecology ( IF 1.6 ) Pub Date : 2021-07-28 , DOI: 10.1111/aec.13090
Niclas U. Lundsgaard ₁ , Rebecca L. Cramp ₁ , Craig E. Franklin ₁ , Pippa L. Kern _{1,

2}

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Invasive species are generally characterised by broad environmental tolerances that allow them to successfully inhabit multiple ecosystems. Cane toads (Rhinella marina) are physiologically tolerant to a broad range of environmental conditions; however, it has been observed that they do not frequently reproduce in the Great Artesian Basin springs of central Queensland, Australia, despite inhabiting the surrounding environment. In the present study, we reared cane toad embryos and larvae in a range of water treatments including water sourced from artesian springs at Edgbaston Reserve, to determine if the challenging water chemistry of these environments limits cane toad development. We found that embryos and mid- to late-stage toad larvae were highly tolerant to spring water – there were no significant effects of water treatment on embryonic hatching success and development, and late-stage larvae exposed to spring water successfully metamorphosed. However, early-stage larvae were more sensitive and experienced a small increase in mortality when raised in alkaline water treatments compared with carbon-filtered tap water. Our findings suggest that cane toads can successfully develop in artesian spring water. However, field studies are needed to determine if the sensitivity of early-stage larvae to alkaline water limits their ability to successfully colonise these springs.

中文翻译：

碱性自流泉水中养殖的甘蔗蟾蜍（Rhinella marina）胚胎和幼虫发育的影响

入侵物种通常具有广泛的环境耐受性，使它们能够成功地栖息在多个生态系统中。甘蔗蟾蜍（Rhinella marina)在生理上对广泛的环境条件具有耐受性；然而，据观察，尽管它们栖息在周围环境中，但它们并不经常在澳大利亚昆士兰州中部的大自流盆地泉水中繁殖。在本研究中，我们在一系列水处理中饲养了甘蔗蟾蜍胚胎和幼虫，包括来自埃德巴斯顿保护区自流泉的水，以确定这些环境中具有挑战性的水化学是否限制了甘蔗蟾蜍的发育。我们发现胚胎和中晚期蟾蜍幼虫对泉水具有很强的耐受性——水处理对胚胎孵化成功和发育没有显着影响，暴露于泉水的晚期幼虫成功变态。然而，与碳过滤自来水相比，早期幼虫在碱性水处理中更敏感，死亡率略有增加。我们的研究结果表明，甘蔗蟾蜍可以在自流泉水中成功发育。然而，需要进行实地研究以确定早期幼虫对碱性水的敏感性是否会限制它们成功定殖这些泉水的能力。

更新日期：2021-07-28

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