Catheter ablation (CA) has become the mainstay therapy for the maintenance of sinus rhythm in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF), with pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) the most frequently used treatment strategy. Although several energy sources have been tested (including radiofrequency, cryothermal and laser), these are not devoid of safety issues and in many instances effectiveness is dependent on operator experience. Pulsed field ablation (PFA) is a novel energy source by which high-voltage electric pulses are used to create pores in the cellular membrane (i.e., electroporation), leading to cellular death. The amount of energy required to produce irreversible electroporation is highly tissue dependent. In consequence, a tailored protocol in which specific targeting of the atrial myocardium is achieved while sparing adjacent tissues is theoretically feasible, increasing the safety of the procedure. While large scale clinical trials are lacking, current clinical evidence has demonstrated significant efficacy in achieving durable PVI without ablation related adverse events.

导管消融（CA）已成为房颤（AF）患者维持窦性心律的主要疗法，其中肺静脉隔离（PVI）是最常用的治疗策略。尽管已经测试了几种能源（包括射频、低温热和激光），但这些能源并非没有安全问题，而且在许多情况下，有效性取决于操作员的经验。脉冲场消融 (PFA) 是一种新型能源，通过它使用高压电脉冲在细胞膜中产生孔（即电穿孔），从而导致细胞死亡。产生不可逆电穿孔所需的能量高度依赖于组织。因此，一个量身定制的方案，其中特定的心房目标在保留邻近组织的同时实现心肌在理论上是可行的，从而提高了手术的安全性。虽然缺乏大规模的临床试验，但目前的临床证据已证明在实现持久 PVI 且无消融相关不良事件方面具有显着疗效。