Unusual Features of QCD Low-Energy Modes in the Infrared Phase,Physical Review Letters

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Unusual Features of QCD Low-Energy Modes in the Infrared Phase
Physical Review Letters ( IF 8.1 ) Pub Date : 2021-07-28 , DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.127.052303
Andrei Alexandru ₁ , Ivan Horváth ₂

Affiliation

It was recently proposed that there is a phase in thermal QCD (IR phase) at temperatures well above the chiral crossover, featuring elements of scale invariance in the infrared (IR). Here, we study the effective spatial dimensions

d_{IR}

of Dirac low-energy modes in this phase, in the context of pure-glue QCD. Our

d_{IR}

is based on the scaling of mode support toward thermodynamic limit, and hence is an IR probe. Ordinary extended modes, such as those at high energy, have

d_{IR} = 3

. We find

d_{IR} < 3

in the spectral range whose lower edge coincides with

λ_{IR} = 0

, the singularity of spectral density defining the IR phase, and the upper edge with

λ_{A}

, the previously identified Anderson-like nonanalyticity. Details near

λ_{IR}

are unexpected in that only exact zero modes are

d_{IR} = 3

, while a thin spectral layer near zero is

d_{IR} = 2

, followed by an extended layer of

d_{IR} = 1

modes. With only integer values appearing,

d_{IR}

may have a topological origin. We find similar structure at

λ_{A}

, and associate its adjacent thin layer (

d_{IR} ⪆ 2

) with Anderson-like criticality. Our analysis reveals the manner in which nonanalyticities at

λ_{IR}

and

λ_{A}

, originally identified in other quantities, appear in

d_{IR} (λ)

. This dimension structure may be important for understanding the near-perfect fluidity of the quark-gluon medium seen in accelerator experiments. The role of