Increasing interest in the combinatory effects of nanoparticles (NPs) and antibiotics to diminish antibiotic resistance emergence, while maintaining antimicrobial properties, have grown over the years. Furthermore, diverse compounds used to synthesize nanoparticles have enhanced drug delivery, stability, efficiency, and reactivity. Nevertheless, nanotechnology, in the medical and veterinary fields, is minimally introduced despite preventing antibiotic resistance and its microbicidal activity. This cautious clinical introduction of antibiotic-nanoparticles for drug delivery is appropriate because the long-term human, animal, and environmental effects of nanomaterials remain unknown. Furthermore, there is a lack of understanding about the effects of biological processes from antibiotic-nanoparticle combinatorial treatments. Hence, to avoid another antibiotic resistance crisis, further investigation and clinical introduction caution is needed to determine the effects of synthesis and applications on combinatory treatments.

多年来，人们越来越关注纳米颗粒 (NP) 和抗生素的组合效应，以减少抗生素耐药性的出现，同时保持抗菌性能。此外，用于合成纳米颗粒的多种化合物具有增强的药物递送、稳定性、效率和反应性。然而，尽管可以防止抗生素耐药性及其杀微生物活性，但在医学和兽医领域，纳米技术的引入微乎其微。这种谨慎的临床引入抗生素纳米颗粒用于药物输送是合适的，因为纳米材料对人类、动物和环境的长期影响仍然未知。此外，对抗生素-纳米颗粒组合治疗的生物过程的影响缺乏了解。因此，