The determination of overburden failure volume is a great challenge because of the complexity and concealment of mining fractures. Taking the 61,601 working face of Longwanggou Coal Mine as the engineering background, this paper established a two-dimensional model of 3000 mm × 200 mm × 1350 mm (length × width × height) in the laboratory. By adopting the Brillouin optical time-domain analysis (BOTDA) technology, considering the fiber deformation and the coordination of rock strata, Of deformation and damage state of overburden strata above the mined-out area, discusses the strata deformation partitioning features and characteristics of fiber optic monitoring strain curve partition interaction relations, is derived based on the above theoretical calculation formula of the rock damage volume, comparing the calculated results with measured results, verify the accuracy of volume calculation formula of mined-out area. The results show a good correspondence between the strain zoning characteristics monitored by optical fiber and the deformation zoning characteristics of overburden. Based on considering the discordant deformation between the overlying rock mass and the optical fiber sensor, the range and degree of overlying mining rock can be obtained through the inversion of the horizontal optical fiber monitoring results to reflect the position and degree of rock strata movement and deformation with the optical fiber. By analyzing the development process of the vertical fiber optic strain curve, it can be found that the rock strata with different propelling distances and different heights bear different tensile stresses, which have remarkable range characteristics. By comparing the results of the calculation model proposed in this paper with the monitored values of the model, it is found that the void volume size of goaf is the same, and the relative error is less than 9%. The results show that the model is reliable in calculating the failure volume of overburden rock in goaf.

由于开采裂缝的复杂性和隐蔽性，上覆岩层破坏体积的确定是一个巨大的挑战。以龙王沟煤矿61601工作面为工程背景，在实验室建立了3000mm×200mm×1350mm（长×宽×高）二维模型。采用布里渊光学时域分析（BOTDA）技术，考虑纤维变形与岩层的协调，对采空区上方覆盖地层的变形与破坏状态，讨论纤维的地层变形划分特征和特征。光学监测应变曲线分区相互作用关系，根据上述岩石损伤体积理论计算公式，将计算结果与实测结果进行比较，验证采空区体积计算公式的准确性。结果表明，光纤监测的应变分带特征与上覆岩层变形分带特征具有良好的对应关系。在考虑上覆岩体与光纤传感器不协调变形的基础上，通过对水平光纤监测结果进行反演，得到上覆采石的范围和程度，反映岩层运动变形的位置和程度。与光纤。通过分析垂直光纤应变曲线的发展过程可以发现，不同推进距离、不同高度的岩层所承受的拉应力不同，具有显着的范围特征。通过将本文提出的计算模型结果与模型监测值进行对比，发现采空区孔隙体积大小相同，相对误差小于9%。结果表明，该模型在计算采空区上覆岩体破坏体积时是可靠的。