The impact response of reinforced concrete (RC) beams has been intensively investigated by impact tests with various setups. Given the same impact energy, different setups of drop-weight impact tests might lead to different measurements and observations of identical RC beams including the impact force, reaction force and displacement, implying the obtained impact test results depend on not only the impact energy and structure itself, but also the test setups. Therefore, it is essential to understand the measurement accuracy, reliability, and controllability of drop-weight impact tests for a successful impact test design and interpretation of test results on RC beams. This study examines the effects of various test setups and critical factors on the impact response of RC beams. Recommendations for the processing and interpretation of test results with respect to the configuration of the test setup, including the location of load cells, mass and shape of the impact head, interlayer, and boundary condition are made for drop-weight tests. The mechanism of the negative reaction force often observed in impact tests has been unveiled for a better understanding of the impact problem.

钢筋混凝土 (RC) 梁的冲击响应已通过各种设置的冲击试验进行了深入研究。给定相同的冲击能量，不同的落锤冲击试验设置可能会导致对相同 RC 梁的不同测量和观察，包括冲击力、反作用力和位移，这意味着获得的冲击试验结果不仅取决于冲击能量和结构本身，还有测试设置。因此，了解落锤冲击试验的测量精度、可靠性和可控性对于成功的 RC 梁冲击试验设计和试验结果解释至关重要。本研究考察了各种测试设置和关键因素对 RC 梁冲击响应的影响。针对落锤测试，针对测试设置的配置，包括称重传感器的位置、冲击头的质量和形状、夹层和边界条件，对测试结果的处理和解释提出了建议。为了更好地理解冲击问题，揭示了冲击试验中经常观察到的负反作用力的机制。