This paper presents a risk evaluation model of excavation system. The model is developed based on extended TODIM method (TODIM is an acronym in Portuguese for Interactive Multi-criteria Decision Making). Developed model consists of three phases: data collection and benchmark risk level classification, extended TODIM method application and risk status perception. Excavation system is divided into 19 sub-systems based on monitored scheme, and twelve influential factors are determined. Sub-systems of excavation in high risk status are identified via the developed model. Impacts of coefficient θ in extended TODIM method on risk status results are investigated. An excavation construction project in Tianjin is adopted. Evaluation results show that sub-systems with high-risk status can be identified, which are consistent with the engineering practices. Finally, sensitivity analysis is conducted to increase the robustness of developed model. The developed model can provide a comprehensive risk status perception of sub-systems of excavation which can mitigate and manage the risks during excavation construction.

本文提出了一种开挖系统的风险评价模型。该模型是基于扩展的 TODIM 方法开发的（TODIM 是葡萄牙语中 Interactive Multi-criteria Decision Making 的首字母缩写词）。开发的模型包括三个阶段：数据收集和基准风险级别分类、扩展TODIM方法应用和风险状态感知。开挖系统根据监测方案划分为19个子系统，确定了12个影响因素。通过开发的模型识别处于高风险状态的挖掘子系统。系数θ 的影响在扩展 TODIM 方法中对风险状态结果进行了研究。采用天津某开挖施工项目。评估结果表明，可以识别出处于高风险状态的子系统，这与工程实践是一致的。最后，进行敏感性分析以增加所开发模型的稳健性。开发的模型可以提供开挖子系统的全面风险状态感知，可以减轻和管理开挖施工过程中的风险。