This study examines the effect of education export on economic growth and development, using Australia as a case study since it is one of the top destinations for international students. International education has played a vital role in Australia's economy over the last three decades, becoming the third-largest export of Australia after iron ore and coal and earning AU$40.3 billion in 2019. The sector supports about 250,000 jobs and provides an important source of skilled migrants for Australia. This study employs the cointegration and error correction model and quarterly data from 1974 to 2019 to analyse the effect of internationalisation of education on the Australian economy. The results suggest a long-run positive relationship and a short-run dynamic effect of international education on the economic growth and employment of Australia. The findings of this study have far-reaching implications for other education-exporting countries. Policy recommendations suggest taking proactive, flexible and innovative approaches to attract international students, and diversifying the market can support growth of the sector and enhance the economy-wide spillover effects. The study further proposes sound and timely policies to promote the internationalisation of education to augment not only economic growth but also long-run development for both education-exporting and education-receiving countries.

中文翻译：

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教育国际化及其对经济增长和发展的影响

本研究以澳大利亚为案例研究了教育出口对经济增长和发展的影响，因为它是国际学生的首选目的地之一。在过去的三十年里，国际教育在澳大利亚的经济中发挥了至关重要的作用，成为继铁矿石和煤炭之后的澳大利亚第三大出口产品，2019 年收入为 403 亿澳元。该行业支持约 250,000 个工作岗位，并提供重要的技术人才来源澳大利亚的移民。本研究采用协整和纠错模型和1974年至2019年的季度数据来分析教育国际化对澳大利亚经济的影响。结果表明，国际教育对澳大利亚经济增长和就业的长期正向关系和短期动态影响。这项研究的结果对其他教育输出国具有深远的影响。政策建议建议采取积极、灵活和创新的方法来吸引国际学生，多元化市场可以支持该行业的增长并增强整个经济的溢出效应。该研究进一步提出了促进教育国际化的健全和及时的政策，不仅促进经济增长，而且促进教育输出国和教育接受国的长期发展。市场多元化可以支持该部门的增长并增强整个经济的溢出效应。该研究进一步提出了促进教育国际化的健全和及时的政策，不仅促进经济增长，而且促进教育输出国和教育接受国的长期发展。市场多元化可以支持该部门的增长并增强整个经济的溢出效应。该研究进一步提出了促进教育国际化的健全和及时的政策，不仅促进经济增长，而且促进教育输出国和教育接受国的长期发展。