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MEK inhibition ameliorates social behavior phenotypes in a Spred1 knockout mouse model for RASopathy disorders
Molecular Autism ( IF 6.3 ) Pub Date : 2021-07-26 , DOI: 10.1186/s13229-021-00458-2
Sarah C Borrie 1 , Ellen Plasschaert 1 , Zsuzsanna Callaerts-Vegh 2 , Akihiko Yoshimura 3 , Rudi D'Hooge 2 , Ype Elgersma 4, 5 , Steven A Kushner 4, 6 , Eric Legius 1 , Hilde Brems 1
Affiliation  

RASopathies are a group of disorders that result from mutations in genes coding for proteins involved in regulating the Ras-MAPK signaling pathway, and have an increased incidence of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Legius syndrome is a rare RASopathy caused by loss-of-function mutations in the SPRED1 gene. The patient phenotype is similar to, but milder than, Neurofibromatosis type 1—another RASopathy caused by loss-of-function mutations in the NF1 gene. RASopathies exhibit increased activation of Ras-MAPK signaling and commonly manifest with cognitive impairments and ASD. Here, we investigated if a Spred1-/- mouse model for Legius syndrome recapitulates ASD-like symptoms, and whether targeting the Ras-MAPK pathway has therapeutic potential in this RASopathy mouse model. We investigated social and communicative behaviors in Spred1-/- mice and probed therapeutic mechanisms underlying the observed behavioral phenotypes by pharmacological targeting of the Ras-MAPK pathway with the MEK inhibitor PD325901. Spred1-/- mice have robust increases in social dominance in the automated tube test and reduced adult ultrasonic vocalizations during social communication. Neonatal ultrasonic vocalization was also altered, with significant differences in spectral properties. Spred1-/- mice also exhibit impaired nesting behavior. Acute MEK inhibitor treatment in adulthood with PD325901 reversed the enhanced social dominance in Spred1-/- mice to normal levels, and improved nesting behavior in adult Spred1-/- mice. This study used an acute treatment protocol to administer the drug. It is not known what the effects of longer-term treatment would be on behavior. Further studies titrating the lowest dose of this drug that is required to alter Spred1-/- social behavior are still required. Finally, our findings are in a homozygous mouse model, whereas patients carry heterozygous mutations. These factors should be considered before any translational conclusions are drawn. These results demonstrate for the first time that social behavior phenotypes in a mouse model for RASopathies (Spred1-/-) can be acutely reversed. This highlights a key role for Ras-MAPK dysregulation in mediating social behavior phenotypes in mouse models for ASD, suggesting that proper regulation of Ras-MAPK signaling is important for social behavior.

中文翻译:

MEK 抑制改善了 Spred1 基因敲除小鼠模型中 RASopathy 疾病的社会行为表型

RASopathies 是一组由编码参与调节 Ras-MAPK 信号通路的蛋白质的基因突变引起的疾病,并且自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 的发病率增加。Legius 综合征是一种罕见的 RAS 病,由 SPRED1 基因的功能丧失突变引起。患者表型与 1 型神经纤维瘤病(另一种由 NF1 基因功能丧失突变引起的 RAS 病)相似但较温和。RASopathies 表现出 Ras-MAPK 信号的激活增加,通常表现为认知障碍和 ASD。在这里,我们研究了 Legius 综合征的 Spred1-/- 小鼠模型是否重现 ASD 样症状,以及靶向 Ras-MAPK 通路是否在这种 RASopathy 小鼠模型中具有治疗潜力。我们研究了 Spred1-/- 小鼠的社会和交流行为,并通过 MEK 抑制剂 PD325901 对 Ras-MAPK 通路的药理学靶向,探索了观察到的行为表型背后的治疗机制。Spred1-/- 小鼠在自动试管测试中的社会优势显着增加,并在社交交流过程中减少成人超声波发声。新生儿超声发声也发生了变化,光谱特性存在显着差异。Spred1-/- 小鼠也表现出筑巢行为受损。在成年期使用 PD325901 进行急性 MEK 抑制剂治疗可将 Spred1-/- 小鼠中增强的社会支配地位逆转至正常水平,并改善成年 Spred1-/- 小鼠的筑巢行为。该研究使用急性治疗方案来给药该药物。目前尚不清楚长期治疗对行为的影响。仍然需要进一步研究滴定改变 Spred1-/- 社会行为所需的这种药物的最低剂量。最后,我们的发现是在纯合小鼠模型中,而患者携带杂合突变。在得出任何转化结论之前,应考虑这些因素。这些结果首次表明,RASopathies (Spred1-/-) 小鼠模型中的社会行为表型可以急剧逆转。这突出了 Ras-MAPK 失调在介导 ASD 小鼠模型中的社会行为表型中的关键作用,表明适当调节 Ras-MAPK 信号传导对社会行为很重要。仍然需要进一步研究滴定改变 Spred1-/- 社会行为所需的这种药物的最低剂量。最后,我们的发现是在纯合小鼠模型中,而患者携带杂合突变。在得出任何转化结论之前,应考虑这些因素。这些结果首次表明,RASopathies (Spred1-/-) 小鼠模型中的社会行为表型可以急剧逆转。这突出了 Ras-MAPK 失调在介导 ASD 小鼠模型中的社会行为表型中的关键作用,表明适当调节 Ras-MAPK 信号传导对社会行为很重要。仍然需要进一步研究滴定改变 Spred1-/- 社会行为所需的这种药物的最低剂量。最后,我们的发现是在纯合小鼠模型中,而患者携带杂合突变。在得出任何转化结论之前,应考虑这些因素。这些结果首次表明,RASopathies (Spred1-/-) 小鼠模型中的社会行为表型可以急剧逆转。这突出了 Ras-MAPK 失调在介导 ASD 小鼠模型中的社会行为表型中的关键作用,表明适当调节 Ras-MAPK 信号传导对社会行为很重要。在得出任何转化结论之前,应考虑这些因素。这些结果首次表明,RASopathies (Spred1-/-) 小鼠模型中的社会行为表型可以急剧逆转。这突出了 Ras-MAPK 失调在介导 ASD 小鼠模型中的社会行为表型中的关键作用,表明适当调节 Ras-MAPK 信号传导对社会行为很重要。在得出任何转化结论之前,应考虑这些因素。这些结果首次表明,RASopathies (Spred1-/-) 小鼠模型中的社会行为表型可以急剧逆转。这突出了 Ras-MAPK 失调在介导 ASD 小鼠模型中的社会行为表型中的关键作用,表明适当调节 Ras-MAPK 信号传导对社会行为很重要。
更新日期:2021-07-27
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