Cyperus esculentus is an invasive perennial sedge threatening agricultural production. In Belgium, best in-crop control options involve, amongst other methods, growing maize in monoculture which allows the sequential use of selective herbicides with activity against C. esculentus. Two pot experiments were carried out to investigate the effect of genetically different clones and chemical control strategy on C. esculentus control. Additionally, the effect of two vertical tuber distributions (uniform in the 0–26 cm layer or non-uniform with 60% of the tubers in the 6 cm top-layer) was studied. Strategies were based on S-metolachlor, dimethenamid-P, mesotrione, bentazon, pyridate, nicosulfuron, glyphosate, halosulfuron-methyl, foramsulfuron and thiencarbazon-methyl used in mixture and/or sequence and applied at different crop stages. Control efficacy was measured by analysing tuber number, dry tuber biomass and above-ground dry biomass. Tuber number of clones treated by chemical control strategies was up to 100% lower and up to 41% higher relative to the untreated control. Clones showed up to 74% percentage point difference in control of tuber number. In both experiments, strategies with pre-plant incorporated dimethenamid-P followed by two post-emergence applications of mesotrione and pyridate, in 5–6 leaf and 8–9 leaf stage of maize, was most effective and consistent across C. esculentus clones. In general, C. esculentus control was up to 27% better in plots with high proportion of superficially buried mother tubers than in plots with more uniform vertical mother tuber distribution. Hence, the vertical tuber distribution may significantly affect the performance of C. esculentus herbicidal strategies. Overall, chemical control strategies should be complemented with alternative methods (e.g. competitive cropping systems and non-inversion tillage) to achieve satisfactory control.

中文翻译：

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除草剂序列和块茎垂直分布对黄果（Cyperus esculentus L.）化学防治的影响

Cyperus esculentus是一种威胁农业生产的侵入性多年生莎草。在比利时，最好的作物内控制选择包括在单一栽培中种植玉米，这允许连续使用具有抗C活性的选择性除草剂。 荸荠。进行了两次盆栽试验以研究不同遗传克隆和化学防治策略对C 的影响。 香菜控制。此外，还研究了两种垂直块茎分布（在 0-26 cm 层中均匀分布或在 6 cm 表层中 60% 块茎分布不均匀）的影响。策略基于硫磺草胺、噻吩草胺-磷、甲基磺草酮、灭草松、吡啶甲酸酯、烟嘧磺隆、草甘膦、甲基卤嘧磺隆、甲嘧磺隆和甲基噻嘧磺隆混合使用和/或顺序使用，并在不同作物阶段施用。通过分析块茎数量、干块茎生物量和地上干生物量来测量控制效力。与未处理的对照相比，通过化学对照策略处理的块茎克隆数最多降低 100%，最多增加 41%。克隆在块茎数量的控制上表现出高达 74% 的百分点差异。在这两个实验中，Ç。 esculentus克隆。一般来说，C。 与垂直母块分布更均匀的地块相比，浅埋母块茎比例高的地块对esculentus 的控制率提高了 27%。因此，垂直块茎分布可能会显着影响C的性能。 esculentus除草策略。总体而言，化学防治策略应与替代方法（例如竞争性种植系统和非倒耕）相辅相成，以实现令人满意的防治。