Although an injection-locked oscillator (ILO) can offer excellent jitter performance on average, its intense phase modification at a given injection rate inevitably degrades spur performance, unless injection timing is carefully controlled. This work investigates a behavioral model of the ILO with digital control of a bang-bang phase detector (BBPD) on a discrete-time domain, a quantitative analysis on the dynamics of the digital injection-locked clock multiplier (ILCM) is provided. Adjusting frequency error between the free-running oscillator and the injection signal is crucial to obtain better spur performance. However, the timing offset caused by the device mismatches hinders it from being correctly compensated. Therefore, we investigate the effect of timing offset (or mismatch) between the replica cells and BBPD and then propose the time-division dual calibration (TDDC) to reduce the discrepancies. In addition, three-stage replica cells are chosen to achieve a robust operation in the phase generating aspect. By removing the residual phase offset using multiple delay cells, the optimum locking point is guaranteed.

中文翻译：

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使用时分双校准具有实时偏移跟踪的 PVT 变化稳健全数字注入锁定时钟乘法器

尽管注入锁定振荡器 (ILO) 平均可以提供出色的抖动性能，但它在给定注入速率下的强烈相位修改不可避免地会降低杂散性能，除非仔细控制注入时间。这项工作研究了 ILO 的行为模型，该模型在离散时域上对 bang-bang 相位检测器 (BBPD) 进行数字控制，提供了对数字注入锁定时钟乘法器 (ILCM) 动态的定量分析。调整自激振荡器和注入信号之间的频率误差对于获得更好的杂散性能至关重要。然而，由器件不匹配引起的时序偏移阻碍了它被正确补偿。所以，我们研究了副本单元和 BBPD 之间的时间偏移（或失配）的影响，然后提出了时分双校准 (TDDC) 以减少差异。此外，选择三级复制单元以实现相位生成方面的稳健操作。通过使用多个延迟单元去除残余相位偏移，保证了最佳锁定点。