Sensors currently deployed on board have wired connectivity, which increases weight and maintenance costs for aircraft. Removing cables for wireless communications of sensors on board alleviates the cost, however, the powering of sensors becomes a challenge inside aircraft. Wireless power transfer (WPT) via radio-frequency (RF) signals is an emerging solution to remotely power sensors for battery-less operation with long-lived capacitors. In this article, we design a WPT system for aircraft IoT-type applications, including low data rate inside (LI) sensors by determining the number, location, and tilt angles of WPT transmitters given constraints based on the cabin geometry and duty cycle of the sensors. We formulate a robust optimization problem to address the WPT system design under channel uncertainties. We also derive an equivalent integer linear programming and solve that for an optimal deployment to satisfy the duty cycle requirements of LI sensors. We perform experiments inside the cabin to validate the wireless avionics intracommunications channel model. Our simulations demonstrate the feasibility of 90% robust design with 14 WPT transmitters for duty cycles less than 0.1% while keeping the human radiation exposure below the recommended reference value of 4.57 W/m 2 .

中文翻译：

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飞机物联网应用的无线功率传输：系统设计和测量


目前部署在机上的传感器具有有线连接，这增加了飞机的重量和维护成本。取消机载传感器无线通信电缆可以降低成本，但传感器的供电成为飞机内部的一个挑战。通过射频 (RF) 信号的无线功率传输 (WPT) 是一种新兴解决方案，可通过长寿命电容器为传感器远程供电，实现无电池操作。在本文中，我们为飞机物联网类型应用设计了一个 WPT 系统，包括低数据速率内部 (LI) 传感器，根据机舱几何形状和占空比确定 WPT 发射器的数量、位置和倾斜角度。传感器。我们制定了鲁棒优化问题来解决信道不确定性下的 WPT 系统设计。我们还推导了等效的整数线性规划并求解该问题，以获得最佳部署以满足 LI 传感器的占空比要求。我们在机舱内进行实验来验证无线航空电子设备内部通信信道模型。我们的模拟证明了 14 个 WPT 发射器的 90% 稳健设计的可行性，占空比小于 0.1%，同时将人体辐射暴露保持在建议的参考值 4.57 W/m 2 以下。