High-performance real-time wireless connectivity is at the heart of the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT). Realizing wireless closed-loop control is crucial for various mission-critical IIoT systems. The existing wireless technologies fall short of meeting the stringent performance requirements of the closed-loop control. This article presents a novel wireless solution, called generalized closed-loop control of processes ( GALLOP ), for realizing closed-loop control over multihop or single-hop networks. GALLOP adopts a pragmatic design approach for addressing the challenges of wireless closed-loop control. The key design aspects of GALLOP include control-aware bidirectional scheduling for cyclic exchange, robust retransmission techniques based on cooperative multiuser diversity, and low-overhead signaling for scalable operation. GALLOP has been specifically designed for control loops that are closed over the whole network with dynamics on the order of a few milliseconds. The performance evaluation based on extensive system-level simulations and hardware implementation on a Bluetooth 5 testbed demonstrates that GALLOP provides high-performance connectivity with very low and deterministic latency, very high reliability and high scalability, to meet the stringent requirements of wireless closed-loop control for versatile IIoT applications.

中文翻译：

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闭环：在工业物联网应用中实现无线闭环控制的高性能连接解决方​​案

高性能实时无线连接是工业物联网 (IIoT) 的核心。实现无线闭环控制对于各种任务关键型 IIoT 系统至关重要。现有的无线技术无法满足闭环控制的严格性能要求。本文提出了一种新颖的无线解决方案，称为过程的广义闭环控制（ GALLOP )，用于实现对多跳或单跳网络的闭环控制。 GALLOP 采用务实的设计方法来应对无线闭环控制的挑战。的关键设计方面GALLOP 包括用于循环交换的控制感知双向调度、基于协作多用户分集的稳健重传技术以及用于可扩展操作的低开销信令。 GALLOP 专为控制回路而设计，这些回路在整个网络上具有几毫秒的动态变化。基于广泛的系统级模拟和蓝牙 5 测试台上的硬件实现的性能评估表明，GALLOP 提供具有极低和确定性延迟、极高可靠性和高可扩展性的高性能连接，以满足多功能 IIoT 应用的无线闭环控制的严格要求。