Abstract

For the first time, by analyzing the spatial variations and diurnal dynamics of the water regime of the small river of the Anadyr Lowland, the main sources were studied and the dynamics of the river discharge feeding were estimated. In the midstream and downstream reaches of rivers, the stability of the water regime is ensured by thawed waters of seasonal ice; in mountain rivers’ headwaters, by condensation waters. Suprapermafrost water reserves from the thawing of the upper 30-cm layer vary in low-lying tundra within 80–220 mm. The contribution of meltwater from seasonal ice of the active layer to river discharge at the beginning of the warm season is ≥60% of the total discharge. The water regime of tundra rivers during this period is distinguished by daily cycles in which the water level and temperature are in an antiphase. The modulus of the discharge of condensation waters in the river head from the catchment area, composed of detrital ground, in July–August varies within 15–50 L/km² s. The condensation waters are characterized by daily in-phase fluctuations in the level and temperature of water in brooks with an amplitude of the temperature of the atmospheric and in-ground air of 16°C. Summer atmospheric precipitation determines the discharge regime of tundra rivers with their abundant fallout (30–60 mm) and complete saturation of the active layer with moisture in August–September. In June, atmospheric precipitation up to 14 mm is completely spent for the evaporation and vegetation of plants and does not affect the river discharge.

中文翻译：

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Ugol'naya-Dionisiya 河（阿纳德尔低地，楚科奇）水源和水​​系的时空动态

摘要

首次通过分析阿纳德尔低地小河流域水情的空间变化和昼夜动态，研究了主要水源，估计了河流泄流补给动态。在河流中下游，季节性冰水的解冻保证了水情的稳定；在山区河流的源头，通过凝结水。来自上部 30 厘米层解冻的超冻土水储量在 80-220 毫米的低洼苔原中变化。活动层季节性冰融水对暖季初期河流流量的贡献≥60%。这一时期苔原河流的水情以水位和温度处于反相的每日循环为特征。²秒。冷凝水的特点是溪流中水位和温度的每日同相波动，大气和地下空气的温度幅度为 16°C。夏季大气降水决定了苔原河流在 8 月至 9 月期间大量沉降（30-60 毫米）和水分活动层完全饱和的排放状况。6 月大气降水达 14 毫米，完全用于植物的蒸发和植被，不影响河流流量。