The last decade has seen a significant growth in the market for alloys used for implants, especially for those intended for orthopedic implants. Research into biodegradable magnesium-based alloys has made great strides in this period, so huge progress has been made in their use in the medical industry. The important factors that led to the intensification of research in this regard, were social but also economic, wanting to improve the quality of life, by reducing the use of conventionally permanent metallic implants (stainless steel, cobalt-based alloys, and titanium alloys) which involve the second implant removal surgery and other undesirable effects (stress shielding and metal ion releases), with a negative impact on the emotional and physical condition of patients, and by significantly reducing the costs for both the patient and the health system in the field of orthopedics. This paper refers to the impact and importance of biodegradable Mg alloys, reviewing the beginning of their development, the significant characteristics that make them so desirable for such applications (orthopedic implants) but also the characteristics that must be modulated (corrosion rate and mechanical properties) to arrive at the ideal product for the targeted application. It highlights, in detail, the mechanism and aspects related to the corrosion behaviour of Mg alloys, electrochemical characterization techniques / methods, as well as strategies to improve the corrosion behaviour and mechanical properties of these types of biodegradable alloys. The means of optimization, the category and the effect of the alloying elements, the design criteria, the requirements that the implants of biodegradable alloys Mg-based must meet and the aspects related to their efficiency are also presented. Finally, the potential applications in the specialized clinics, as well as the final products currently used and made by important prestigious companies in the world are approached.

在过去十年中，用于植入物的合金市场显着增长，尤其是用于骨科植入物的合金。可生物降解镁基合金的研究在这一时期取得了长足的进步，因此在医疗行业的应用取得了巨大的进步。导致这方面研究加强的重要因素是社会和经济，希望通过减少使用传统的永久性金属植入物（不锈钢、钴基合金和钛合金）来提高生活质量涉及二次种植体摘除手术及其他不良影响（应力屏蔽、金属离子释放），对患者的情绪和身体状况产生负面影响，并通过显着降低骨科领域患者和卫生系统的成本。本文介绍了可生物降解镁合金的影响和重要性，回顾了其开发的开始、使它们如此适用于此类应用（骨科植入物）的重要特性以及必须调节的特性（腐蚀速率和机械性能）为目标应用找到理想的产品。它详细介绍了与镁合金腐蚀行为相关的机制和方面、电化学表征技术/方法，以及改善这些类型可生物降解合金的腐蚀行为和机械性能的策略。优化的手段、合金元素的种类和作用，还介绍了设计标准、镁基可生物降解合金植入物必须满足的要求以及与其效率相关的方面。最后，探讨了专科诊所的潜在应用，以及世界上重要的知名公司目前使用和制造的最终产品。