Studies of dental caries on the deciduous dentition can be a source of information about changes in diet, which can be correlated with the time of eruption of the deciduous and permanent teeth. In this respect, the moment of transition from the maternal diet (mother's milk) to solid food is particularly interesting. The aim of this study was to assess changes in the diet of children who inhabited Radom, Poland, in the late Medieval/early Modern (LMP, 14th–17th c.) and Modern (MP, 18th–19th c.) periods by applying odontological and physicochemical methods. We analyzed the dental remains of 104 nonadult individuals (1.0–2.5 years, 3.0–5.5 years, and 6.0–8.0 years), with a total of 1044 deciduous and 108 permanent teeth. The concentration of stable δ¹⁵N isotopes in collagen isolated from the femur bones was assessed in 63 individuals (27 children, 36 adults). The diagnosis of dental caries was carried out through visual, radiographic, and fluorescent techniques. Dental caries were recorded in 30% (68/224) of the deciduous teeth in the LMP and 39% (321/820) of the deciduous teeth in the MP. Dental caries were found more often in the two earliest age groups of children in the MP than in the LMP. Early childhood caries (ECC) were diagnosed in 18% of the deciduous dentition of children from the MP. Isotopic analyses showed that the start of weaning occurred in the MP group almost 4 months earlier than in the LMP group (1.1 years in LMP vs. 0.7 years in MP). The final weaning of children from maternal milk in the LMP group took place at 2.5 years of age, whereas in the MP group it took place at 3.2 years of age. The study shows that the period of feeding children exclusively with the mother's milk in the MP was shorter. This means a faster introduction of solid food products to the diet. This could explain the increase in dental caries in primary teeth.

中文翻译：

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来自波兰拉多姆的中世纪晚期和现代人群的儿童早期龋齿和母乳喂养

对乳牙列的龋齿研究可以作为饮食变化的信息来源，这可能与乳牙和恒牙的萌出时间相关。在这方面，从母亲饮食（母乳）过渡到固体食物的时刻特别有趣。本研究的目的是评估居住在波兰拉多姆的儿童在中世纪晚期/现代早期（LMP，14-17 世纪）和现代（MP，18-19 世纪）时期的饮食变化。牙科学和物理化学方法。我们分析了 104 名非成年个体（1.0-2.5 岁、3.0-5.5 岁和 6.0-8.0 岁）的牙齿遗骸，共有 1044 颗乳牙和 108 颗恒牙。^{稳定 δ 15}的浓度在 63 名个体（27 名儿童，36 名成人）中评估了从股骨中分离的胶原蛋白中的 N 同位素。龋齿的诊断是通过视觉、射线照相和荧光技术进行的。在 LMP 中 30% (68/224) 的乳牙和 MP 中 39% (321/820) 的乳牙记录了龋齿。与 LMP 相比，在 MP 的两个最早年龄组儿童中发现龋齿的频率更高。MP 中 18% 的儿童乳牙列被诊断为儿童早期龋齿 (ECC)。同位素分析表明，MP 组的断奶开始时间比 LMP 组早近 4 个月（LMP 组为 1.1 年，MP 组为 0.7 年）。LMP 组的儿童最终从母乳中断奶发生在 2.5 岁，而 MP 组发生在 3 岁。2 岁。研究表明，MP 中仅用母乳喂养儿童的时间较短。这意味着更快地将固体食品引入饮食中。这可以解释乳牙龋齿的增加。