ABSTRACT

Background and Objectives

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has profoundly impacted people’s lives, with significant mental health consequences emerging. In addition to sociodemographic and COVID-19 specific factors, psychological risk and protective mechanisms likely influence individual differences in mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic. We examined associations between a broad set of risk and protective factors with depression, anxiety, alcohol problems, and eating pathology, and investigated interactions between objective stress due to COVID-19 and risk/protective variables in predicting psychopathology.

Methods

Participants were 877 adults (73.7% female) recruited via internet sources from around the globe, but primarily residing in North America (87.4%).

Results

Structural equation modelling revealed that certain risk and protective factors (e.g., loneliness, mindfulness) were broadly related to psychopathology, whereas others showed unique relations with specific symptoms (e.g., greater repetitive thinking and anxiety; low meaning and purpose and depression). COVID-19 objective stress interacted with risk factors, but not protective factors, to predict greater anxiety symptoms, but not other forms of psychopathology.

Conclusions

Findings contribute to our understanding of psychological mechanisms underlying individual differences in psychopathology in the context of a global stressor. Strategies that reduce loneliness and increase mindfulness will likely impact the greatest number of mental health symptoms.

中文翻译：

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检查 COVID-19 大流行期间心理健康的风险和保护因素

摘要

背景和目标

2019 年冠状病毒病 (COVID-19) 大流行已经深刻影响了人们的生活，并出现了严重的心理健康后果。除了社会人口和 COVID-19 特定因素外，心理风险和保护机制可能会影响 COVID-19 大流行期间心理健康的个体差异。我们检查了广泛的风险和保护因素与抑郁、焦虑、酗酒和饮食病理学之间的关联，并研究了 COVID-19 引起的客观压力与预测精神病理学的风险/保护变量之间的相互作用。

方法

参与者是通过互联网资源从全球招募的 877 名成年人（73.7% 女性），但主要居住在北美（87.4%）。

结果

结构方程模型显示，某些风险和保护因素（例如，孤独、正念）与精神病理学广泛相关，而其他因素则与特定症状（例如，更多的重复思考和焦虑；低意义和目的以及抑郁）表现出独特的关系。COVID-19 客观压力与风险因素相互作用，但与保护因素无关，以预测更大的焦虑症状，而不是其他形式的精神病理学。

结论

研究结果有助于我们理解在全球压力源背景下心理病理学个体差异背后的心理机制。减少孤独感和增加正念的策略可能会影响最多的心理健康症状。