ABSTRACT

Background and Objectives: The social support deterioration model (SSDM) posits that individuals who do not receive adequate support following a disaster are vulnerable to losses in community solidarity and perceived support, as well as the development of persistent distress. However, limited longitudinal research has evaluated the relations among support and these outcomes among disaster-affected individuals. Design: The current study utilized random intercept cross-lagged panel modeling (RI-CLPM) to examine reciprocal relations among received support, community solidarity, perceived support, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms among rural Hurricane Florence survivors (n = 261) assessed 5–8 months post-hurricane (T1), and then at two more timepoints at three-month intervals (T2 and T3). Results: Results of the RI-CLPM supported that lower received support at T2 was associated with decreases in community solidarity at T3, and higher perceived support at T1 was associated with increases in received support at T2. In supplemental analyses, higher received support at T2 was associated with lower PTSD symptoms at T3. Conclusions: Consistent with the SSDM, individuals who receive less support post-disaster are vulnerable to losses in community solidarity and potentially persistent PTSD symptoms. Conversely, those with stronger support networks may be better able to access needed support in the longer-term.

摘要

背景和目标：社会支持恶化模型 (SSDM) 假设，在灾难后没有得到足够支持的个人很容易失去社区团结和感知支持，以及持续痛苦的发展。然而，有限的纵向研究评估了受灾个人的支持与这些结果之间的关系。设计：目前的研究利用随机截距交叉滞后面板模型 (RI-CLPM) 来检查农村飓风佛罗伦萨幸存者 ( n = 261) 评估飓风后 5-8 个月 (T1)，然后在两个时间点以三个月的间隔 (T2 和 T3)。结果： RI-CLPM 的结果支持，在 T2 获得的较低支持与在 T3 的社区团结减少相关，在 T1 较高的感知支持与在 T2 获得的支持增加相关。在补充分析中，T2 时获得的较高支持与 T3 时较低的 PTSD 症状相关。结论：与 SSDM 一致，在灾后获得较少支持的个人很容易受到社区团结损失和潜在的持续 PTSD 症状的影响。相反，那些拥有更强大支持网络的人可能能够更好地获得长期所需的支持。