In New Mexico in the arid southwestern United States, groundwater recharge is crucial to sustain groundwater (GW), which is vitally important to life, agriculture, industry, and ecosystems. To better understand the changes in recharge statewide, we explored the changes in groundwater recharge (RE), precipitation (P), surface water inflow (SW_in), outflow (SW_out), diversions (SW_div), returns (SW_ret), and surface water and GW evapotranspiration (SW_E and GW_ET) in five New Mexico counties: Taos, Torrance, Doña Ana, Eddy, and Lea during 1975–2015. The results show that the change-point of RE was in the 1990s, leading to contrasting tendencies in RE before and after the change-point with a decreasing rate during the latter one. There was a significant positive relationship between RE and P for Taos. The highest contribution rate (CR) to RE was SW_out for Taos, whereas GW_ET ranked as the top CR for the other counties. Furthermore, the annual CR of GW_ET to RE increased significantly in all counties except Lea. The above results reveal that P and surface water flows played the dominant role in impacting RE in northern New Mexico where surface water is the primary local water resources, whereas GW_ET had the highest and increasingly continuous influence in central and southern New Mexico where the surface water is much less than that in northern New Mexico. This study shows that water budgets are important to identify differences in regional hydrological regimes that affect planning to maintain RE to groundwater.

中文翻译：

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使用新墨西哥州的水平衡模型评估区域地下水补给的长期变化

在美国西南部干旱的新墨西哥州，地下水补给对于维持地下水 (GW) 至关重要，而地下水对生命、农业、工业和生态系统至关重要。为了更好地了解全州补给的变化，我们探讨了地下水补给 (RE)、降水 ( P )、地表水流入 (SW _in )、流出 (SW _out )、分流 (SW _div )、回流(SW _ret ) 的变化, 地表水和 GW 蒸散量 (SW _E和 GW _ET) 在 1975 年至 2015 年期间在新墨西哥州的五个县：陶斯、托兰斯、多纳安娜、埃迪和利亚。结果表明，RE的变化点在1990年代，导致变化点前后RE变化趋势相反，后一个变化率下降。对于道，RE 和P之间存在显着的正相关关系。最高的贡献率（CR），以RE是SW_出的陶斯，而GW _ET列为最高CR为其他县。此外，除 Lea 外，所有县的 GW _ET到 RE的年度 CR 均显着增加。上述结果表明，P在地表水是当地主要水资源的新墨西哥州北部，地表水流量在影响可再生能源方面发挥了主导作用，而 GW _ET在新墨西哥州中部和南部的影响最大且持续不断，那里的地表水远低于该地区。在新墨西哥州北部。这项研究表明，水预算对于确定影响维持地下水可再生能源的规划的区域水文状况差异很重要。