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Quantifying the Response of Nitrogen Speciation to Hydrology in the Chesapeake Bay Watershed Using a Multilevel Modeling Approach
Journal of the American Water Resources Association ( IF 2.6 ) Pub Date : 2021-07-26 , DOI: 10.1111/1752-1688.12951
Isabella Bertani 1 , Gopal Bhatt 2 , Gary W. Shenk 3 , Lewis C. Linker 4
Affiliation  

Excessive nitrogen (N) inputs to coastal waters can lead to severe eutrophication and different chemical forms of N exhibit varying levels of effectiveness in fueling primary production. Efforts to mitigate N fluxes from coastal watersheds are often guided by models that predict changes in N loads as a function of changes in land use, management practices, and climate. However, relatively little is known on the impacts of such changes on the relative fractions of different N forms. We leveraged a long-term dataset of N loads from over 100 river stations to investigate how the urn:x-wiley:1093474X:media:jawr12951:jawr12951-math-0001 fraction, that is, the ratio of urn:x-wiley:1093474X:media:jawr12951:jawr12951-math-0002 to total N (urn:x-wiley:1093474X:media:jawr12951:jawr12951-math-0003/TN), changes as a function of spatio-temporal changes in TN loads in the Chesapeake Bay watershed. We built a hierarchical model that separates the response of urn:x-wiley:1093474X:media:jawr12951:jawr12951-math-0004 to changes in TN load occurring at different scales: Across river stations, where differences in TN loads are largely driven by spatial differences in anthropogenic inputs, and within stations, where inter-annual variability in hydrology is a key driver of changes in TN loads. Results suggest that while increases in TN loads resulting from changes in anthropogenic inputs lead to an increase in the urn:x-wiley:1093474X:media:jawr12951:jawr12951-math-0005 fraction, a decrease in the urn:x-wiley:1093474X:media:jawr12951:jawr12951-math-0006 fraction may occur when increases in TN loads are driven by increased streamflow. These results are especially relevant in watersheds that may experience changes in N loads due to both management decisions and climate-driven changes in hydrology.

中文翻译:

使用多级建模方法量化氮形态对切萨皮克湾流域水文的响应

向沿海水域输入过多的氮 (N) 会导致严重的富营养化,不同化学形式的氮在促进初级生产方面表现出不同程度的有效性。减轻沿海流域氮通量的努力通常以模型为指导,这些模型预测氮负荷的变化是土地利用、管理实践和气候变化的函数。然而,关于这种变化对不同 N 形式的相对分数的影响,人们知之甚少。我们利用来自 100 多个河流站的 N 负荷的长期数据集来研究urn:x-wiley:1093474X:media:jawr12951:jawr12951-math-0001分数,即urn:x-wiley:1093474X:media:jawr12951:jawr12951-math-0002与总 N ( urn:x-wiley:1093474X:media:jawr12951:jawr12951-math-0003/TN) 的比率,如何随着切萨皮克 TN 负荷的时空变化而变化湾分水岭。我们建立了一个分层模型,将响应分开urn:x-wiley:1093474X:media:jawr12951:jawr12951-math-0004不同尺度下发生的 TN 负荷变化:河流站点,TN 负荷的差异主要由人为输入的空间差异驱动,而站点内,水文的年际变化是 TN 负荷变化的关键驱动因素。结果表明,虽然人为输入变化引起的 TN 负荷增加会导致分数增加,但当 TN 负荷增加是由增加的水流驱动时urn:x-wiley:1093474X:media:jawr12951:jawr12951-math-0005,分数可能会下降。urn:x-wiley:1093474X:media:jawr12951:jawr12951-math-0006由于管理决策和气候驱动的水文变化,这些结果与可能经历氮负荷变化的流域尤其相关。
更新日期:2021-07-26
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