ABSTRACT

Research question

Adopting a qualitative case study design, this article draws upon the concept of ableism to analyse the extent to which mainstreaming policy in the UK leads to inclusive sport practice at the community level.

Research methods

In-depth qualitative data were collected from 31 semi-structured interviews with stakeholders in the inclusion process in England including sports organisations, officials in community sports clubs and disabled people. Data were thematically analysed to explore how stakeholders understood inclusion and what the role of ableism might be in formulating this understanding.

Results and findings

The findings illustrate that ableism appears to play a key role in the understanding of inclusion and how it is operationalised in different clubs and sports organisations. This in turn impacts whether disabled people feel able to participate within that environment. The research identified three outcomes of inclusion (parallel inclusion, full inclusion and choice) and four approaches used or necessary to achieve the three outcomes by stakeholders (able-inclusion, barrier removal, creating opportunities and mutual identity).

Implications

This article identifies that, irrespective of policy intent, the way inclusion policy is understood by those that have to operationalise it is often underpinned by an ableist view of disability, meaning that the desired increases in participation may not materialise. Based on the findings, it is suggested that sport organisations should strategically embed disability provision and should actively rather than passively engage with disabled people.

中文翻译：

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英国非残疾人志愿社区体育俱乐部实施残疾人包容政策的复杂性

摘要

研究问题

本文采用定性案例研究设计，利用体能主义的概念来分析英国的主流政策在多大程度上导致了社区层面的包容性体育实践。

研究方法

深入的定性数据是通过对英格兰包容性过程中的利益相关者进行的 31 次半结构化访谈收集的，这些利益相关者包括体育组织、社区体育俱乐部的官员和残疾人。对数据进行了主题分析，以探讨利益相关者如何理解包容性以及体能主义在形成这种理解中可能发挥的作用。

结果和发现

研究结果表明，体能歧视似乎在理解包容性以及如何在不同俱乐部和体育组织中实施包容性方面发挥着关键作用。这反过来又会影响残疾人是否感觉能够参与该环境。该研究确定了包容的三种结果（平行包容、完全包容和选择）以及利益相关者为实现这三种结果所使用或必需的四种方法（能力包容、消除障碍、创造机会和相互认同）。

影响

本文指出，无论政策意图如何，那些必须实施包容性政策的人理解包容性政策的方式往往是以残疾观点为基础的，这意味着所期望的参与度增加可能不会实现。根据调查结果，建议体育组织应战略性地嵌入残疾人服务，并应积极而不是被动地与残疾人互动。