In this review, we present the current state of knowledge surrounding mammalian digit tip regeneration. We discuss the origin and formation of the blastema, a structure integral to digit tip regeneration, as well as recent insights driven by single-cell RNA sequencing into the molecular markers and cellular composition of the blastema. The digit tip is a composite of many different tissue types and we address what is known about the role of these separate tissues in regeneration of the whole digit tip. Specifically, we discuss the most extensively studied tissues in the digit tip: bone, nail epithelium, and peripheral nerves. We also address how known molecular pathways in limb development can inform research into digit tip regeneration. Overall, the mouse digit tip is an excellent model of complex mammalian regeneration that can provide insight into inducing regeneration in human tissues.

中文翻译：

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哺乳动物指尖再生：从现象到分子机制


在这篇综述中，我们介绍了有关哺乳动物指尖再生的知识现状。我们讨论了芽基的起源和形成，这是指尖再生不可或缺的结构，以及单细胞 RNA 测序对芽基分子标记和细胞组成的最新见解。指尖是许多不同组织类型的复合体，我们探讨了这些单独组织在整个指尖再生中的作用。具体来说，我们讨论了指尖中研究最广泛的组织：骨、指甲上皮和周围神经。我们还探讨了肢体发育中已知的分子途径如何为指尖再生研究提供信息。总体而言，小鼠指尖是复杂哺乳动物再生的优秀模型，可以为诱导人体组织再生提供见解。