Obesity is one of the major health problems worldwide. This study aimed to evaluate anti-obesity potential of Moringa oleifera leaves ethanolic extract (MOE) in rats. Fifty male Wistar rats of 100–120 g body weight (BW) were randomly allocated to 5 groups (n = 10) as follows: Control (Cont group) was fed basal diet. Group II (M-group) was fed basal diet and orally given MOE (300 mg/kg BW) for 14 weeks. Group III (HFD-group) was fed a high fat diet (HFD) for 14 weeks. Group IV (HFD + M-group) was fed HFD and given MOE as in group II. Group V (HFD then M-group) was fed HFD for 8 weeks then basal diet and received MOE as group II for another 6 weeks. Phytochemical analysis of MOE revealed the presence of ferulic acid, kaempferol, cinnamic acid, ellagic acid, naringenin, rutin, caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid, methyl gallate gallic acid, catechin, vanillin, caffeic acid, coumaric acid, syringic acid, and pyrocatechol. Feeding HFD significantly elevated the serum level of total cholesterol, triacylglycerol, low density lipoprotein, glucose, insulin, leptin, malondialdehyde; elevated hepatic expression of nuclear factor-kappa β (NFκβ) and induced various histopathological changes in liver. Moreover, it lowered serum levels of high-density lipoprotein, adiponectin, serum superoxide dismutase activity and catalase activity compared to control group. Interestingly, administration of MOE to HFD-fed animals either concurrently (HFD + M group), or after induction of obesity (HFD then M group), significantly reversed the HFD-induced increase in BW and visceral fat mass, hyperglycemia, hyperleptinemia, hyperinsulinemia, hypoadiponectinemia, dyslipidemia; increased lipid peroxidation, hepatic NFκβ protein expression; restored normal hepatic tissue architecture and antioxidant activity. In conclusion, MOE ameliorated HFD-induced obesity, adiposity, serum biochemical and hepatic histopathological alterations. MOE accomplished these effects mostly through the anti-obesity, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant activities of its various bioactive identified compounds.

肥胖是世界范围内的主要健康问题之一。本研究旨在评估辣木的抗肥胖潜力在大鼠中留下乙醇提取物 (MOE)。50 只体重为 100-120 g (BW) 的雄性 Wistar 大鼠被随机分配到 5 组（n = 10）如下：对照组（Cont 组）喂食基础饮食。第 II 组（M 组）喂食基础饮食并口服 MOE（300 毫克/千克体重），持续 14 周。第三组（HFD 组）喂食高脂肪饮食（HFD）14 周。第 IV 组（HFD + M 组）喂食 HFD 并给予 MOE，如第 II 组。V 组（HFD 然后 M 组）喂食 HFD 8 周，然后是基础饮食，并接受 MOE 作为组 II 再持续 6 周。MOE 的植物化学分析表明存在阿魏酸、山奈酚、肉桂酸、鞣花酸、柚皮素、芦丁、咖啡酸、绿原酸、没食子酸甲酯、儿茶素、香草醛、咖啡酸、香豆酸、丁香酸和邻苯二酚。喂食HFD显着升高血清总胆固醇、三酰甘油、低密度脂蛋白、葡萄糖、胰岛素、瘦素、丙二醛；核因子-κβ (NFκβ) 的肝脏表达升高并诱导肝脏的各种组织病理学变化。此外，与对照组相比，它降低了血清高密度脂蛋白、脂联素、血清超氧化物歧化酶活性和过氧化氢酶活性的水平。有趣的是，同时（HFD + M 组）或在诱导肥胖后（HFD 然后 M 组）对 HFD 喂养的动物施用 MOE，显着逆转了 HFD 诱导的 BW 和内脏脂肪量、高血糖、高瘦素血症、高胰岛素血症的增加, 低脂联素血症, 血脂异常; 脂质过氧化增加，肝脏 NFκβ 蛋白表达；恢复正常的肝组织结构和抗氧化活性。总之，MOE 改善了 HFD 诱导的肥胖、肥胖、血清生化和肝脏组织病理学改变。MOE 主要通过其各种已鉴定的生物活性化合物的抗肥胖、抗炎、抗氧化活性来实现这些效果。