The economic crisis of 2008 has highlighted the ineffectiveness of the banks in their disbursement of mortgages which caused the spread of Non-Performing Loans (NPLs) with underlying real estate. With the methods stated by the Basel III agreements, aimed at improving the capital requirements of banks and determining an adequate regulatory capital, the banks without the skills required have difficulties in applying the rigid weighting coefficients structures. The aim of the work is to identify a synthetic risk index through the participatory process, in order to support the restructuring debt operations to benefit smaller banks and small and medium-sized enterprises (SME), by analyzing the real estate credit risk. The proposed synthetic risk index aims at overcoming the complexity of Basel III methodologies through the implementation of three different multi-criteria techniques. In particular, the integration of objective financial variables with subjective expert judgments into a participatory process is not that common in the reference literature and brings its benefits for reaching more approved and shared results in the debt restructuring operations procedure. Moreover, the main findings derived by the application to a real case study have demonstrated how important it is for the credit manager to have an adequate synthetic index that could lead to the avoidance of risky scenarios where several modalities to repair the credit debt occur.

中文翻译：

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通过多标准指标进行房地产投资的信用风险管理

2008 年的经济危机凸显了银行在发放抵押贷款方面的低效，这导致了具有基础房地产的不良贷款 (NPL) 的蔓延。根据巴塞尔协议 III 中规定的旨在提高银行资本要求和确定足够监管资本的方法，不具备所需技能的银行难以应用刚性加权系数结构。这项工作的目的是通过参与式过程确定综合风险指数，以通过分析房地产信用风险来支持重组债务操作，从而使小型银行和中小企业（SME）受益。拟议的综合风险指数旨在通过实施三种不同的多标准技术来克服巴塞尔协议 III 方法的复杂性。尤其是，将客观财务变量与主观专家判断整合到一个参与式过程中，在参考文献中并不常见，它有利于在债务重组操作程序中获得更多认可和共享的结果。此外，通过实际案例研究的应用得出的主要发现表明，信贷经理拥有一个足够的综合指数是多么重要，这可能会导致避免出现多种修复信贷债务方式的风险情景。将客观财务变量与主观专家判断整合到一个参与性过程中，在参考文献中并不常见，它有利于在债务重组操作程序中获得更多认可和共享的结果。此外，通过实际案例研究的应用得出的主要发现表明，信贷经理拥有一个足够的综合指数是多么重要，这可能导致避免出现多种修复信贷债务方式的风险情景。将客观财务变量与主观专家判断整合到一个参与性过程中，在参考文献中并不常见，它有利于在债务重组操作程序中获得更多认可和共享的结果。此外，通过实际案例研究的应用得出的主要发现表明，信贷经理拥有一个足够的综合指数是多么重要，这可能导致避免出现多种修复信贷债务方式的风险情景。