Abstract

Objectives

Data on consumption of tetracyclines, sulphonamides and trimethoprim, and other antibacterials were collected from 30 EU/European Economic Area (EEA) countries over two decades. This article reviews temporal trends, seasonal variation, presence of change-points and changes in the composition of main subgroups of tetracyclines, sulphonamides and trimethoprim and other antibacterials.

Methods

For the period 1997–2017, data on consumption of tetracyclines (ATC group J01A), sulphonamides and trimethoprim (ATC group J01E), and other antibacterials (ATC group J01X) in the community and aggregated at the level of the active substance, were collected using the WHO ATC/DDD methodology (ATC/DDD index 2019). Consumption was expressed in DDD per 1000 inhabitants per day and in packages per 1000 inhabitants per day. Consumption of tetracyclines, sulphonamides and trimethoprim, and other antibacterials was analysed based on ATC-4 subgroups and presented as trends, seasonal variation, presence of change-points and compositional changes.

Results

In 2017, consumption of tetracyclines, sulphonamides and trimethoprim, and other antibacterials in the community expressed in DDD per 1000 inhabitants per day varied considerably between countries. Between 1997 and 2017, consumption of tetracyclines did not change significantly, while its seasonal variation significantly decreased over time. Consumption of sulphonamides and trimethoprim significantly decreased until 2006, and its seasonal variation significantly decreased over time. The consumption of other antibacterials showed no significant change over time or in seasonal variation.

Conclusions

Consumption and composition of tetracyclines, sulphonamides and trimethoprim, and other antibacterials showed wide variations between EU/EEA countries and over time. This represents an opportunity to further reduce consumption of these groups in some countries and improve the quality of their prescription.

中文翻译：

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欧盟/欧洲经济区，1997-2017 年社区中四环素、磺胺类药物和甲氧苄啶以及其他抗菌药物的消费量

摘要

目标

过去 20 年从 30 个欧盟/欧洲经济区 (EEA) 国家收集了有关四环素、磺胺类药物和甲氧苄啶以及其他抗菌药物消费量的数据。本文综述了四环素类、磺胺类、甲氧苄啶和其他抗菌药物主要亚组的时间趋势、季节性变化、变化点的存在和组成的变化。

方法

1997-2017 年期间，收集了社区中四环素（ATC 组 J01A）、磺胺类和甲氧苄氨嘧啶（ATC 组 J01E）以及其他抗菌药物（ATC 组 J01X）的消费数据，并在活性物质水平上汇总使用 WHO ATC/DDD 方法（ATC/DDD 指数 2019）。消费以每天每 1000 名居民的 DDD 和每天每 1000 名居民的包裹表示。基于 ATC-4 亚组分析了四环素、磺胺类药物和甲氧苄氨嘧啶以及其他抗菌药物的消耗量，并以趋势、季节性变化、变化点的存在和成分变化的形式呈现。

结果

2017 年，社区中四环素类、磺胺类和甲氧苄啶以及其他抗菌药物的消费量（以每日每 1000 名居民每日 DDD 表示）在不同国家之间存在很大差异。1997 年至 2017 年间，四环素类的消费量没有明显变化，但其季节性变化随时间推移显着下降。磺胺类药物和甲氧苄啶的消费量在 2006 年之前显着下降，其季节性变化随时间推移显着下降。其他抗菌药物的消耗量没有随时间或季节性变化而发生显着变化。

结论

四环素、磺胺类药物和甲氧苄氨嘧啶以及其他抗菌药物的消费和成分在欧盟/欧洲经济区国家之间以及随着时间的推移表现出很大差异。这代表了在一些国家进一步减少这些群体的消费并提高其处方质量的机会。