Abstract

Objectives

This article introduces a series of articles on antibiotic consumption in the community between 1997 and 2017, which provide an update of previous articles covering the periods 1997–2003 and 1997–2009.

Methods

In this article, differences in participating countries, the ATC/DDD classification system, and data collection, validation and analysis between the current and previous series are described.

Results

In the previous series, 33 European countries provided valid data for further analysis, while the current series focused on 30 countries belonging to the EU or the European Economic Area (EEA). For both series, data were collected in accordance with the WHO ATC classification system. While the previous series reported data in accordance with the ATC/DDD index 2011, the current series employed the ATC/DDD index 2019. Both series focused on consumption of antibacterials for systemic use (ATC J01) and collected data expressed in DDD per 1000 inhabitants per day and packages per 1000 inhabitants per day. When studying consumption expressed in packages per 1000 inhabitants per day, countries reporting total care data, i.e. community and hospital sector combined, were included in the previous series but excluded in the current series. While the previous series used non-linear mixed models to evaluate time trends in antibiotic consumption, the current series allowed for inclusion of change-points with a data-driven location. In addition, both series assessed the composition and quality of antibiotic consumption in the EU/EEA.

Conclusions

The updated analyses of two decades of ESAC-Net data provide the most comprehensive and detailed description of antibiotic consumption in the community in Europe.

中文翻译：

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社区抗生素消费，欧盟/欧洲经济区，1997-2017：数据收集、管理和分析

摘要

目标

本文介绍了 1997 年至 2017 年间关于社区抗生素消费的一系列文章，这些文章对涵盖 1997-2003 年和 1997-2009 年期间的先前文章进行了更新。

方法

本文描述了参与国的差异、ATC/DDD 分类系统以及当前和以前系列之间的数据收集、验证和分析。

结果

在之前的系列中，33 个欧洲国家提供了有效数据以供进一步分析，而当前的系列则侧重于属于欧盟或欧洲经济区 (EEA) 的 30 个国家。对于这两个系列，数据都是根据 WHO ATC 分类系统收集的。之前的系列报告的数据是根据 2011 年 ATC/DDD 指数，而当前系列采用的是 2019 年 ATC/DDD 指数。 两个系列都侧重于全身使用的抗菌药物 (ATC J01) 的消耗量，并收集以每 1000 名居民的 DDD 表示的数据每天和每 1000 名居民每天的包裹。在研究以每 1000 名居民每天的包裹表示的消费时，报告总护理数据的国家，即社区和医院部门的总和，被包括在先前的系列中，但被排除在当前的系列中。虽然之前的系列使用非线性混合模型来评估抗生素消耗的时间趋势，但当前的系列允许包含具有数据驱动位置的变化点。此外，这两个系列都评估了欧盟/欧洲经济区抗生素消费的组成和质量。

结论

对 ESAC-Net 二十年数据的最新分析提供了对欧洲社区抗生素消费的最全面和详细的描述。