ABSTRACT

Experimental studies have suggested benzophenone-3 (BP-3), a sunscreen ingredient, may have endocrine-disrupting properties. A cohort of girls were recruited at ages 6–7 years and returned semi-annually for pubertal maturation staging, provided blood for serum hormone analyses [estradiol, estrone, testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone-sulfate (DHEA-S)], and urine to measure BP-3 concentrations. We found a significant negative linear association between amount of reported sunscreen use and testosterone levels at the onset of puberty (N = 157, adjusted β = −0.0163, 97.5% CI:-0.0300,-0.0026). The 2nd quartile of the BP-3 biomarker had earlier thelarche compared to the 1st quartile (N = 282, adjusted HR = 1.584, 97.5% CI:1.038,2.415). Results suggest that higher report of sunscreen use may be associated with lower testosterone levels at thelarche and a non-linear relationship between the BP-3 urinary biomarker and onset of puberty, although the clinical significance of the finding is limited and may be a random effect. Improved methods of BP-3 exposure characterization are needed.

摘要

实验研究表明，防晒霜成分二苯甲酮 3 (BP-3) 可能具有内分泌干扰特性。招募了一组 6-7 岁的女孩，每半年返回进行青春期成熟分期，提供血液用于血清激素分析 [雌二醇、雌酮、睾酮、硫酸脱氢表雄酮 (DHEA-S)]，并提供尿液来测量血压-3浓度。我们发现，报告的防晒霜使用量与青春期开始时的睾酮水平之间存在显着的负线性相关（N = 157，调整后的β = -0.0163，97.5% CI：-0.0300，-0.0026）。与第一个四分位数相比，BP-3 生物标志物的第二个四分位数的乳房发育较早（N = 282，调整后的 HR = 1.584，97.5% CI：1.038，2.415）。结果表明，较高的防晒霜使用报告可能与乳房发育时较低的睾酮水平以及 BP-3 尿液生物标志物和青春期开始之间的非线性关系有关，尽管这一发现的临床意义有限，并且可能是随机效应。需要改进 BP-3 暴露表征方法。