ABSTRACT

The aim of this study is to estimate the environmental impacts associated with modernization measures that improve the energy efficiency of an office building listed as of cultural interest and located in northern Spain, a region with an Atlantic climate. European Climate Action for 2020-2030 sets a long-term goal of achieving neutrality of greenhouse gas emissions and towards the end of 2019 the Spanish Government presented its Integrated National Energy and Climate Plan. It is of interest to the international audience to know how energy policies can affect decisions on building retrofitting to improve sustainability: reduction in energy consumption, climate change and other environmental impacts. A life cycle assessment was carried out for the retrofitting of the building envelope and different energy supply scenarios: only electricity from the electricity mix (scenario of reference that of 2018, and decarbonisation scenarios proposed for 2020 and 2030), and the installation of heat pump and photovoltaic panels. The impacts will decrease 40% for Global Warming Potential and 15% for Cumulative Energy Demand in 2030 with respect to the reference scenario. These reductions will further increase up to 54 and 61%, respectively, if photovoltaic panels and a heat pump are implemented.

摘要

本研究的目的是估计与现代化措施相关的环境影响，这些措施提高了被列为具有文化价值的办公楼的能源效率，该办公楼位于西班牙北部，属于大西洋气候地区。2020-2030 年欧洲气候行动设定了实现温室气体排放中性的长期目标，西班牙政府在 2019 年底提出了其综合国家能源和气候计划。国际观众感兴趣的是了解能源政策如何影响建筑改造以提高可持续性的决策：减少能源消耗、气候变化和其他环境影响。对建筑围护结构的改造和不同的能源供应场景进行了生命周期评估：只有来自电力组合的电力（参考 2018 年的情景，以及 2020 年和 2030 年提出的脱碳情景），以及安装热泵和光伏电池板。相对于参考情景，2030 年全球变暖潜势的影响将减少 40%，累积能源需求的影响将减少 15%。如果实施光伏电池板和热泵，这些减少将分别进一步增加至 54% 和 61%。