We study axion effective field theories (EFTs), with a focus on axion couplings to massive chiral gauge fields. We investigate the EFT interactions that participate in processes with an axion and two gauge bosons, and we show that, when massive chiral gauge fields are present, such interactions do not entirely originate from the usual anomalous EFT terms. We illustrate this both at the EFT level and by matching to UV-complete theories. In order to assess the consistency of the Peccei-Quinn (PQ) anomaly matching, it is useful to introduce an auxiliary, non-dynamical gauge field associated to the PQ symmetry. When applied to the case of the Standard Model (SM) electroweak sector, our results imply that anomaly-based sum rules between EFT interactions are violated when chiral matter is integrated out, which constitutes a smoking gun of the latter. As an illustration, we study a UV-complete chiral extension of the SM, containing an axion arising from an extended Higgs sector and heavy fermionic matter that obtains most of its mass by coupling to the Higgs doublets. We assess the viability of such a SM extension through electroweak precision tests, bounds on Higgs rates and direct searches for heavy charged matter. At energies below the mass of the new chiral fermions, the model matches onto an EFT where the electroweak gauge symmetry is non-linearly realised.

我们研究轴子有效场理论 (EFT)，重点是轴子耦合到大规模手征规范场。我们研究了参与具有轴子和两个规范玻色子过程的 EFT 相互作用，并且我们表明，当存在大量手征规范场时，这种相互作用并不完全源自通常的异常 EFT 项。我们在 EFT 级别和通过匹配 UV 完全理论来说明这一点。为了评估 Peccei-Quinn (PQ) 异常匹配的一致性，引入与 PQ 对称性相关的辅助非动态规范场是有用的。当应用于标准模型 (SM) 电弱扇区的情况时，我们的结果表明，当手征物质被积分时，EFT 相互作用之间基于异常的求和规则被违反，这构成了后者的吸烟枪。作为说明，我们研究了 SM 的 UV 完全手征扩展，其中包含从扩展的希格斯扇区产生的轴子和通过与希格斯双峰耦合获得大部分质量的重费米子物质。我们通过弱电精度测试、希格斯速率界限和直接搜索重带电物质来评估这种 SM 扩展的可行性。在低于新手性费米子质量的能量下，该模型与 EFT 匹配，其中电弱规范对称性是非线性实现的。希格斯速率的界限和重荷电物质的直接搜索。在低于新手性费米子质量的能量下，该模型与 EFT 匹配，其中电弱规范对称性是非线性实现的。希格斯速率的界限和重荷电物质的直接搜索。在低于新手性费米子质量的能量下，该模型与 EFT 匹配，其中电弱规范对称性是非线性实现的。