With the development of industrialization, global environmental pollution and energy crisis are becoming increasingly serious. Organic pollutants pose a serious health threat to human beings and other organisms. The removal of organic pollutants in the environment has become a global challenge. The photocatalytic technology has been widely used in the degradation of organic pollutants with its characteristics of simple process, high efficiency, thorough degradation and no secondary pollution. However, the single photocatalyst represented by TiO₂ has the disadvantages of low light utilization rate and high recombination rate of photocarriers. Building heterojunction is considered one of the most effective methods to enhance the photocatalytic performance of a single photocatalyst, which can improve the separation efficiency of photocarriers and the utilization of visible light. The classical heterojunction can be divided into four different cases: type I, type II, p-n heterojunctions and Z-scheme junction. In this paper, the recent progress in the treatment of organic pollution by heterostructure photocatalysts is summarized, and the mechanism of heterostructure photocatalysts for the treatment of organic pollutants is reviewed. It is expected that this paper can deepen the understanding of heterostructure photocatalysts and provide guidance for high efficient photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants in the future.

随着工业化的发展，全球环境污染和能源危机日益严重。有机污染物对人类和其他生物构成严重的健康威胁。去除环境中的有机污染物已成为全球性挑战。光催化技术以其工艺简单、高效、降解彻底、无二次污染等特点在有机污染物的降解中得到了广泛的应用。然而，以 TiO _{2 为}代表的单一光催化剂具有光利用率低和光载流子复合率高的缺点。构建异质结被认为是提高单一光催化剂光催化性能最有效的方法之一，可以提高光载流子的分离效率和可见光的利用率。经典异质结可以分为四种不同的情况：I型、II型、pn异质结和Z型结。本文综述了异质结构光催化剂处理有机污染的最新进展，综述了异质结构光催化剂处理有机污染物的机理。