In this paper, we report on the radiation attenuation properties of the essential DNA nucleobases such as guanine, adenine, cytosine, uracil, and thymine. Gamma attenuation parameters such as linear attenuation factor (LAF) and effective atomic number (EAN) are investigated by using FLUKA simulation code for seven chosen photon energies named 0.6, 1.25, 1.5, 2, 3, 5, and 10 MeV. The validation of the simulation results is performed by using XCOM calculations. Moreover, neutron and charge particles attenuation properties are examined for the essential DNA nucleobases. We also compare the radiation attenuation properties of the essential DNA nucleobases to those of liquid water. Our results indicate that the maximum LAF is observed at 0.6 MeV with the value of 0.183, 0.134, 0.130, 0.110, 0.103, and 0.089 cm⁻¹ for guanine, adenine, cytosine, uracil, thymine, and liquid water, respectively. At a given photon energy, the exposure rate (ER) follows the trend: (ER)_{liquid water} > (ER) _thymine > (ER)_cytosine > (ER)_adenine. At 10 MeV, total stopping power (TSP) of electron interactions with the essential DNA nucleobases are 1.952, 1.977, 1.994, 1.990, 2.013, and 2.149 MeVcm²/g for guanine, adenine, cytosine, uracil, thymine, and liquid water, respectively. Comparatively, TSP of electron < proton < alpha particle < carbon ion at the same energy.

在本文中，我们报告了必需 DNA 核碱基（如鸟嘌呤、腺嘌呤、胞嘧啶、尿嘧啶和胸腺嘧啶）的辐射衰减特性。伽马衰减参数，如线性衰减因子 (LAF) 和有效原子序数 (EAN)，通过使用 FLUKA 模拟代码对 0.6、1.25、1.5、2、3、5 和 10 MeV 的七个选定光子能量进行研究。仿真结果的验证是通过使用 XCOM 计算进行的。此外，检查了基本 DNA 核碱基的中子和带电粒子衰减特性。我们还将基本 DNA 核碱基的辐射衰减特性与液态水的辐射衰减特性进行了比较。我们的结果表明，最大 LAF 在 0.6 MeV 处观察到，值为 0.183、0.134、0.130、0.110、0.103 和 0.089 cm ^-1分别用于鸟嘌呤、腺嘌呤、胞嘧啶、尿嘧啶、胸腺嘧啶和液态水。在给定的光子能量下，曝光率 (ER) 遵循以下趋势：(ER)_液态水 > (ER)_胸腺嘧啶 > (ER)_胞嘧啶 > (ER)_腺嘌呤。在 10 MeV 时，电子与必需 DNA 核碱基相互作用的总停止能力 (TSP) 为 1.952、1.977、1.994、1.990、2.013 和 2.149 MeVcm ² /g，对于鸟嘌呤、腺嘌呤、胞嘧啶、尿嘧啶、液体、水分别。相比之下，相同能量下电子<质子<α粒子<碳离子的TSP。