Place-based policies commonly target disadvantaged neighborhoods for economic improvement, typically in the form of job opportunities, business development or affordable housing. To ensure that investment is channeled to truly distressed areas, place-based programs narrow the pool of eligible neighborhoods based on a set of socioeconomic criteria. The criteria, however, may not be targeting the places most in need. In this study, we examine the relationship between neighborhood gentrification status and 2018 eligibility for the New Markets Tax Credits, Opportunity Zones, Low Income Housing Tax Credits, and the Community Development Financial Institutions Program. We find that large percentages of gentrifying neighborhoods are eligible for each of the four programs, with many neighborhoods eligible for multiple programs. The Opportunity Zone program stands out, with the probability of eligibility nearly twice as high for gentrifying tracts than not-gentrifying tracts. We also found that the probability of eligibility increases with a greater percentage of adjacent neighborhoods experiencing gentrification.

基于地方的政策通常针对弱势社区以改善经济，通常以就业机会、商业发展或经济适用房的形式。为确保投资流向真正的贫困地区，基于地方的计划根据一系列社会经济标准缩小了合格社区的范围。然而，该标准可能并未针对最需要的地方。在这项研究中，我们研究了社区高档化状态与 2018 年新市场税收抵免、机会区、低收入住房税收抵免和社区发展金融机构计划的资格之间的关系。我们发现很大比例的高档社区有资格参加四个项目中的每一个，许多社区有资格参加多个项目。Opportunity Zone 计划脱颖而出，中产阶级化地区获得资格的可能性几乎是非中产化地区的两倍。我们还发现，随着相邻社区经历高档化的比例更大，获得资格的可能性也会增加。